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Controlling Palmer Amaranth in Soybean

Controlling Palmer Amaranth in Soybean. Eric P. Prostko Associate Professor and Extension Weed Specialist Department of Crop & Soil Sciences The University of Georgia. Prostko’s Picks for Pigweed. Know your enemy! Drill a well! Start Clean! Use a residual!

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Controlling Palmer Amaranth in Soybean

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  1. Controlling Palmer Amaranth in Soybean Eric P. Prostko Associate Professor and Extension Weed Specialist Department of Crop & Soil Sciences The University of Georgia

  2. Prostko’s Picks for Pigweed • Know your enemy! • Drill a well! • Start Clean! • Use a residual! • POST treatments when 3” tall or less • Remove escapes before seed production • Think About the Future • Overuse of PPO’s

  3. Palmer Amaranth Facts(Amaranthus palmeri) • grows faster than other pigweeds (1-2” per day!!) • more competitive than other pigweeds • 1 plant/row meter = 33% soybean yield loss • prolific seed producer • 400,000+/plant • Most emerges from 1” or less! • Pollen can move at least 900’! • Seed do not last very long in soil!

  4. May Rainfall – CPES Tifton1996-2009 8/14 years (57%) less than average rainfall!!

  5. Soybean Irrigation in Georgia 23.2% Source: Kerry Harrison, UGA Extension Engineer

  6. Start Clean!!!!!!Tillage/Cover Crops/ Herbicides

  7. Burndown Options for Reduced Tillage Soybean Production Systems • Primary • Glyphosate • Gramoxone Inteon/ Firestorm/Parazone • Ignite • Tank-mixes • 2,4-D (7-15 DBP) • Aim (0 DBP) • ET (0 DBP) • Valor (0 DBP) • Harmony Extra (14 DBP) • Express (14 DBP) • Clarity/Vision (14 DBP + 1” rainfall) • FirstShot (7-14 DBP) • Sharpen (30 DBP) DBP = days before planting

  8. 6 hours 4 days 19 days 7 days Palmer Amaranth Control with Gramoxone Inteon 2SL @ 2.5 pt/A + 80/20 @ 0.25% v/v AMAPA Height Low = 8” High = 23” Average = 17”

  9. Residual Herbicides • Treflan, Prowl • Dual, Intrro (Lasso) • Pursuit, Scepter • Metribuzin Products** • Authority MTZ, Boundary, Canopy, Sencor/Metri • Valor, Valor XLT, Reflex, Envive, Prefix

  10. Why metribuzin on soybean? • Not a PPO • Good on pigweed • Can be applied PPI • Issues • soil texture, OM, pH • Varieties • Rotations • Company support • Lack of incentive at dealer level • Cost/A TriCor 75DF Metribuzin 75DF

  11. GR-Pigweed Control in Soybeans - 2008 Canopy 75DG @ 6 oz/A + Prowl H2O 3.8ASC @ 2.1 pt/A (PRE) NTC SB-06-08 Macon County 48 DAP

  12. GR-Palmer Amaranth ControlMacon County - 2009 NTC Boundary 6.5EC @ 1.75 pt/A (PRE) Roundup W-Max 5.5SL @ 28 oz/A (36 DAP) SB-06-09 65 DAP

  13. NTC Authority MTZ 45DG @ 12 oz/A PRE (49 DAT) SB-12-09 Attapulgus

  14. Metribuzin Headaches • Soil texture, OM • Metribuzin should not be used on sands, loamy sands, and sandy loams with less than 1% OM! • pH • Varieties • Rotations

  15. Metribuzin Crop Rotations *not for use on sands, loamy sands, or sandy loams with less than 1% OM.

  16. Metribuzin Soybean Tolerance • Group IV: Asgrow 4903 RR/STS, Southern States RT4808 • Group V:Asgrow 5905RR, AGS 568RR, Delta Pineland DP5634, Pioneer 95Y20, Pioneer 95Y40, Pioneer 95Y70, Southern States RT5951NRR • Group VI:Asgrow 6301RR, Delta Pineland DP6568, Pioneer 96M60, Southern States RT 6451NRR, Vigoro V61N9 • Group VII: AGS 758RR, Asgrow H7242, Benning, Dekalb H7242, Northrup King NKS 76L9, Northrup King NKS 78G6, Pioneer 97M50, USG 7732nRR, Vigoro V74N9, Woodruff • Group VIII: Northrup King NKS 80P2, Prichard RR

  17. GR-Palmer Amaranth Control in Soybeans with PRE’s (2008) - Macon Co. Dual Magnum 7.64EC @ 1 pt/A NTC SB-05-08 48 DAT

  18. GR-Palmer Amaranth Control in Soybeans with PRE’s (2008) - Macon Co. Prefix 5.29EC @ 2 pt/A NTC SB-05-08 48 DAT

  19. GR-Palmer Amaranth Control in Soybeans with PRE’s (2008) - Macon Co. Envive 41.3WG @ 3 oz/A NTC SB-05-08 48 DAT

  20. GR-Palmer Amaranth Control in Soybeans – 2009 (Macon Co.) Valor @ 3 oz/A (PRE) Roundup W-Max @ 22 oz/A (POST) NTC SB-09-09 46 DAP

  21. Postemergence • PPO’s • Ultra Blazer, Cobra, Storm, ET, Aim, Reflex, Prefix, Flexstar GT (RR), Cadet • ALS • Harmony SG, Pursuit • Other • Ignite (LL) • Must be applied before 3”!!!!!

  22. This is what a 2” pigweed looks like!!!!

  23. Palmer Amaranth Control with Ultra Blazer and Cobra - 2008 Cobra @ 12.5 oz/A Peptoil @ 1% v/v Ultra Blazer @ 1.5 pt/A LI-700 @ 0.25% v/v NTC Treatments applied to 2-10” tall pigweed , 6.23” average height Photo 16 DAT

  24. PPO Injury

  25. Liberty-Link Soybeans • Not necessarily a direct replacement for Roundup! • Use a residual herbicide in this system!!!!!!! • Not usually good on pigweed bigger than 3” • Tank-mixes with POST grass herbicides may reduce grass control • Assure (10-21%); Fusilade (8-12%); Poast (25-41%); Select 4-22%) • Variety performance?

  26. Liberty-Link Soybeans - 2009 Boundary 6.5EC @ 1.5 pt/A (PRE) Ignite 2.34SL @ 22 oz/A (19 DAP) NTC 54 DAP Ponder Farm

  27. Liberty-Link Soybean Variety Performance – 2009(Bu/A +/- test average) Test Rank

  28. Harmony GT XP or Harmony SG Harmony - YES • Harmony GT XP (75%) • GT = grass-tank mix • XP = extruded pellet • 1/12 oz/A • Harmony SG (50%) • SG = soluble granules • 1/8 oz/A • 1st trifoliate until 60 days before harvest • tank-mix with glyphosate • ALS inhibitor • up to 12” tall pigweed????? • variable amounts of soybean injury Harmony Extra – NO!!!

  29. GR-Palmer Amaranth Control with Flexstar GT – 65 DAP Flexstar GT 3.31SL @ 3 pt/A AMS @ 2.5% v/v Appled 18 DAP NTC

  30. On the Horizon • KIH-485 • DHT Soybean • DowAgroScience Herbicide Tolerance • Enhanced tolerance to 2,4-D • Stacked with glyphosate • 2013? • GAT Soybean • Glyphosate ALS Tolerance • DuPont • 2011? • Dicamba Resistant Soybeans • Monsanto/BASF • Stacked with glyphosate • 2013?

  31. GR-Palmer Amaranth Control in Soybeans with PRE’s (2008) - Macon Co. KIH-485 85WG @ 4.2 oz/A NTC SB-05-08 48 DAT

  32. DHT Soybeans

  33. We are overusing the PPO inhibiting herbicides!!!!!!!! • Resistance has already been reported in other areas!!! • Common waterhemp • 2001 (Kansas) • 2002 (Illinois) • 2003 (Missouri) • Common ragweed • 2005 (Delaware) • Wild poinsettia • 2004 (Brazil)

  34. Could this happen in SE? In this 4 year rotation, we could use 16 PPO’s!!!!

  35. PPO-Resistant Waterhemp(Dr. Bryan Young, Southern Illinois Univ.)

  36. Prostko’s Picks for Pigweed • Know your enemy! • Drill a well! • Start Clean! • Use a residual! • POST treatments when 3” tall or less • Remove escapes before seed production • Think About the Future • Overuse of PPO’s

  37. For More Weed Science Info www.gaweed.com

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