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Cotton and Palmer Amaranth (AMAPA) Response to Milo-Pro Applied at-Plant and POST

Cotton and Palmer Amaranth (AMAPA) Response to Milo-Pro Applied at-Plant and POST. Lynn M. Sosnoskie and A. Stanley Culpepper UGA, Tifton, GA Jared Whitaker UGA, Statesboro, GA Jeremy M. Kichler UGA, Oglethorpe, GA Alan C. York NCSU, Raleigh, NC.

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Cotton and Palmer Amaranth (AMAPA) Response to Milo-Pro Applied at-Plant and POST

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  1. Cotton and Palmer Amaranth (AMAPA) Response to Milo-Pro Applied at-Plant and POST Lynn M. Sosnoskie and A. Stanley Culpepper UGA, Tifton, GA Jared Whitaker UGA, Statesboro, GA Jeremy M. Kichler UGA, Oglethorpe, GA Alan C. York NCSU, Raleigh, NC

  2. AMAPA is large, competitive, C4 annual that can form dense populations in infested fields, reducing yields and harvest efficiency

  3. Cotton is particularly susceptible to weed interference • Planted at lower densities than other crops • Requires higher temperatures for rapid growth • Uncompetitive crop canopy

  4. 1X Weathermax + 1X Staple LX at 5 WAT

  5. 1/2 inch in 12 hr 4 inches 52 hr

  6. Residual Herbicide use is needed for the management of AMAPA in cotton • Milo-Pro TM • Propazine • PSII electron transport inhibitor • PRE and POST for grain sorghum • 0.75 to 1.2 qts/A for sandy loam to clay loam soils • Not recommended for sands or loamy sands • Cotton does have some tolerance to propazine • Abernathy et al. 1969. Agron. J. • Kendig et al. 2006. PHP

  7. Locations Macon County, GA and Moultrie, GA • Sutton’s Field and Southern Ag Expo • Sandy loam • Planted 28 May, 2009 (Macon) • Planted 14 May, 2009 (Moultrie) • 6’ x 25’ plots, 36” row spacing • DP 0949 B2RF • Herbicide treatments replicated 3X in RCBD • Herbicides applied at application volume of 14.8 Gal/A with CO2 backpack sprayer and flat fan nozzles • Crop injury • GLY-R AMAPA control at Macon County site

  8. Macon County and Moultrie, GA

  9. Locations Rocky Mount, NC (2 sites) • Upper Coastal Plain Research Station • Sandy loam • Planted 6 and 13 May, 2009 • 12’ x 30’ plots, 36” row spacing • DP 0924 B2RF • Herbicide treatments replicated 4X in RCBD • Herbicides applied at application volume of 14.8 Gal/A with CO2 backpack sprayer and flat fan nozzles • Crop injury

  10. Rocky Mount, NC

  11. Cotton Injury

  12. Cotton Injury - At Plant ApplicationData averaged across Macon County and Moultrie, GA, sites

  13. Reflex Injury at 1pt/A PRE

  14. Cotton Injury – POST Application to 2-3 Leaf CottonData averaged across Macon County and Moultrie, GA, sites

  15. Milo-Pro 2 pt/A plus Roundup POST 1 WA-POST1 Application to 2-3 leaf cotton

  16. Rocky Mount, NC Some Milo-Pro PRE injury, especially at higher rate, but no more than 10% in any one plot; mean injury was not >6% and was transient

  17. Rocky Mount, NC Some Milo-Pro POST injury, especially at higher rate, but no more than 10% in any one plot; mean injury was not >8% and was transient

  18. GLY-R AMAPA Control

  19. GLY-R AMAPA Control - At Plant ApplicationMacon County, GA

  20. GLY-R AMAPA Control – POST1 ApplicationMacon County, GA All treatments received Weathermax at 22 oz/A at POST1

  21. GLY-R AMAPA Control – All POST ApplicationsMacon County, GA All treatments received Weathermax at 22 oz/A at POST1 and POST2 All treatments received Direx and MSMA at Layby (POST3)

  22. Reflex PRE fb WMAX fb WMAX fb Direx + MSMA

  23. Reflex PRE fb Milo-Pro (2 pt/A) + WMAX fb WMAX fb Direx + MSMA

  24. Reflex PRE fb Milo-Pro (1 pt/A) + WMAX fb Milo-Pro (1 pt/A)+WMAX fb Direx + MSMA

  25. GLY-R AMAPA Control and YieldMacon County, GA All treatments received Weathermax at 22 oz/A POST1 and POST2 All treatments received Direx and MSMA at Layby (POST3)

  26. Cotton Injury and YieldClayton, NC Injury ratings of 5 to 7% were observed 1-3 WA-PRE applications of Milo-Pro at 1 pt/A at Attapulgus, GA. No injury was observed 6 WA-PRE. This isn’t different than what was seen at Rocky Mount. Injury ratings of 13 to 32% were observed 1-3 WA-PRE applications of Milo-Pro at 2 pt/A at Attapulgus, GA. Injury was still 33% 3 WA-POST2.

  27. Previous Research • Abernathy et al. 1969. Agron. J. • 48 cotton varieties evaluated for resistance to propazine broadcast PRE at 0.56 kg/ha • Sandy loam with OM <1% • Injury ratings ranged from 3-53% • Aubun M, Acala B-3080, Paymaster 303 = 3% • Coker 5110, Coker 312 = 8% • Paymaster 111A, Deltapine SR-2 = 50% • Blightmaster A-5 = 53% • Less than 20% was regarded as a tolerant response to propazine

  28. Previous Research • Kendig et al. 2006. Plant Health Progress • DP 5415RR was screened for tolerant to propazine • 5 rates: 0, 0.25X, 0.5X, 1X, 2X of 1.12 kg/ha • 4 growth stages: PRE, cotyledon, 2-lf, 4-lf • Some injury observed for PRE applications (sandy-loam) but visual injury and weight reductions were greatest from over the top applications made at the cotyledon and 2-lf stages • Injury increased with rate

  29. Summary • Milo-Pro applied PRE at 1-2 pts/A injured cotton 0-7% (Attapulgus, Rocky Mount); injury was transient • There was no observable injury at Macon County and Moultrie for Milo-Pro applied PRE • Higher rates (4 lbs/A), on sandier soils (Attapulgus, Clayton) with adequate rainfall resulted in unacceptable injury ratings due to PRE applications • Injury resulting from POST applications of Milo-Pro did not exceed 8%; injury was not greater than what was observed for Staple; injury was transient

  30. Summary • Residual herbicides (PRE and POST) are crucial for managing Palmer amaranth • Milo-Pro (2 pt/A) and Reflex (1 pt/A) provided 96% and 99% control, respectively at 3 WA-PRE, the timing of the first POST application • Milo-Pro was most effective as a POST applied herbicide when following Reflex PRE (residual and topical activity) • A single application (2 pt/A POST1) or two applications (1 pt/A POST1 and POST2) of Milo-Pro provided 85% and 94% control, respectively, of GLY-R Palmer 2 WA-POST2 and carried the crop to layby and harvest • According to these results, Milo-Pro may be a useful component in an INTEGRATED program to manage GLY-R Palmer amaranth

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