US Public Health Service Engineers 1913 - 2013 100 Years of Service

1. US Public Health Service Engineers 1913 - 2013 100 Years of Service Presenter Rank, USPHS Title

2. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers The Beginning • 1798 – Marine Hospital Service established, the forerunner of the Public Health Service. • 1871 – Dr. John Maynard, first Supervising Surgeon of the Marine Hospital Service. The position was renamed Surgeon General in 1873. • 1889 – The United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps was established by legislation.

3. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Call for Engineers • 1912 – Marine Hospital Service renamed to the Public Health Service. • 1913 – Public Health Service retained its first engineer, Harry Letton to solve sanitation issues. • 1914 – PHS engineers developed the first drinking water standards and launched major campaigns to decrease malaria cases.

4. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Militarization • 1917 – The PHS was militarized during World War I to contain outbreaks of disease in and around military installations and war industry sites. • 1918 – The PHS was authorized to recruit engineers into its reserve Commissioned Corps. In addition to addressing sanitation issues, PHS engineers expanded their role into addressing industrial hygiene issues. • 1930 –Parker Act authorized the Public Health Service to assimilate engineers into its Regular Corps.

5. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Militarization • 1941 – In preparation for World War II, PHS engineers were detailed to the Office of Civilian Defense to help control malaria and solve sanitation deficiencies around military facilities and critical war industries. • 1941 – 1945 –PHS engineering officers served with the U.S. Coast Guard and Army overseas. • 1946 – Communicable Disease Center, the forerunner of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention was formedfocused on fighting malaria.

6. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Environmental Focus • 1948 – First air quality disaster investigation conducted by a PHS team of 25 engineers, doctors and scientists in Donora, Pennsylvania. • 1953 – PHS engineers conducted investigations in all areas of health including food safety, sanitation, and radiological health • 1955 – Indian Health Service formed to improve public health and welfare of American Indians and Alaska Natives with sanitation deficiencies

7. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Environmental and Industrial Focus • 1970’s • EPA was formed to research, monitor, set standards, and enforce regulations to ensure environmental……. • NIOSH was formed to conduct research and make recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness. • 1985 – ATSDR was formed focused on minimizing health risks from exposure to hazardous substances.

8. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers National Response 2009 Tsunami/earthquake American Samoa 2010 Earthquake Haiti Deepwater Horizon 2011 Tsunami in Japan Hurricane Irene 2012 Hurricane Isaac and Sandy Sandy Hook Elementary 2001 • World Trade Center Disaster • Anthrax attacks 2004 • Tsunami/earthquake Indonesia 2005 Hurrican Rita/Katrina 2006 • earthquakes in Hawaii • Medicine contamination in Panama 2008 • Hurricanes Gustav and Ike

9. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers The Chief Engineers • 1943 -1948 – RADM John Hoskins, P.E. was appointed as the 1stChief Engineer because of the importance of engineering in public health. • 1948-1961 – RADM Mark Hollis, P.E. was the 2nd Chief Engineer. A civil engineer, he practiced sanitary engineering and was the first director of the Communicable Disease Center. • 1962-1966 – RADM Callis Atkins, P.E. was the 3rd Chief Engineer. He was a civil engineer and served in a variety of environmental programs throughout the United States and abroad.

10. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers The Chief Engineers • 1966-1970 – RADM Albert Stevenson, P.E. was the 4th Chief Engineer (1966-1970). He was an environmental and sanitation engineer and helped the development of the Robert A. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center. • 1970-1973 – RADM Richard Green, P.E. was the 5th Chief Engineer (1970-1973). Much of his career was devoted to water pollution control. • 1974-1985 – RADM Ian Burgess, P.E. was the 6th Chief Engineer. His work in facilities planning and management set a standard for effective application of engineering professionalism in the Federal health service.

11. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers The Chief Engineers • 1985-1989 – RADM John Villforth, C.H.P, was the 7th Chief Engineer. He is recognized by his peers throughout the global community as one of the most outstanding radiological health specialists of the 20th century. In 2000, the John C. Villforth Leadership Award was established by the US PHS Engineers in his honor. • 1989-1993 – RADM Bill Pearson, P.E. was the 8thChief Engineer. His professional career in the PHS was devoted entirely to serving American Indians and Alaska Natives while assigned to the Indian Health Service

12. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers The Chief Engineers • 1995-1999– RADM Thomas Gallegos, P.E., was the 8th Chief Engineer. He spent 25 years in the uniformed services of the United States, 23 as a Commissioned officer of the Public Health Service, working primarily for the Indian Health Service. • 1999-2005 – RADM Robert Williams, P.E. was the 9thChief Engineer. During his service as Chief Engineer, he assumed additional duties as Chief Operations Officer of the Commissioned Corps with responsibilities for the direction and management of the office of the Surgeon General. That included the areas of Science and Communications, Force Readiness and Deployment, Reserve Affairs, Commissioned Corps Operations and Military Liaison and Veterans Affairs

13. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers The Chief Engineers • 2005-2009– RADM Richard Barror, P.E., was the 11th Chief Engineer. He spent the majority of his PHS engineering career with the Indian Health Service . He also served as the Chief of Staff of the OSG and later Senior Engineer Advisor in the Office of the Commissioner of the FDA prior to his appointment as Chief Engineer. • 2009-Present – RADM Sven Rodenbeck, P.E. is the 12thChief Engineer. As the PHS Chief Engineer, he provides advice and consultation on public health engineering matters to the Surgeon General and to over 1,200 PHS engineers and architects. He is also the Deputy Branch Chief for the Cooperative Agreement Program Evaluation Branch at the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR).

14. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • October 1962, the Surgeon General established the Engineer Career Development Committee (ECDC) • ECDC Objectives • Assist the PHS in determining engineering manpower requirement, • To improve the recruitment and retention of PHS engineers • To maximize career development for the individual engineer through counseling training, rotational assignments, etc. • ECDC reestablished as EPAC in 1983 and again in 1988

15. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • EPAC provides advice and consultation to the Chief Engineer who then reports to the SG on matters relating to the professional activities and personnel issues of PHS engineers. • EPAC acts in the interest of Civil Service and Commissioned Corps engineers and architects. • For PHS Engineers, • EPAC acts as a link and information source for distinct PHS engineer disciplines. • Provides advice and assistance on engineer staffing issues, • Acts as a primary resource for engineer career development • Communicates and encourages use of awards/recognition system

16. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • EPAC is organized into 9 subcommittees, headed by the Chair person with up to 20 and no less than 7 voting members. • Subcommittees: • Awards • Career Development • Deployment Readiness Preparedness • Information • Mentoring • Public Health Engineering Practice • Recruitment & Retention • Rules • Special Events

17. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • Awards Subcommittee • Evaluate award nominations submitted to the EPAC • Prepare guide/schedule of annual award nominations • Draft memoranda recognizing outgoing EPAC Members, EPAC Chairperson, and CPO upon the expiration of appointments • Develop draft example award write-ups for engineers' supervisors to assist them in submitting award nominations

18. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • Career Development Subcommittee • Develop resources to promote the professional development of PHS engineers and architects by addressing issues such as: billets, CVs, promotions, performance evaluations, pay and allowances, leadership development, and training • Plan and organize career development seminars • Publish information on engineer career opportunities • Manage the PHS Engineer and Architect Welcome Program

19. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • Deployment Readiness Preparedness Subcommittee • Assist and promote the effective use of engineers in response to emergencies affecting public health • Inform PHS engineers about and assist with emergency response training opportunities and deployment processes • Coordinate the EPAC representation to the Commissioned Corps Readiness Force • Promote coordination among related disciplines and Agencies to ensure a multi-disciplinary approach to public health emergency response

20. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • Information Subcommittee • Manage the PHS Engineer web site • Develop and publish the EPAC newsletter • Facilitate information exchange within the Engineer category • Promote EPAC activities through information distribution

21. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • Public Health Engineering Practice Subcommittee • Provide leadership for PHS engineers to identify and disseminate best public health engineering practice • Present public health engineering practice issues, with analysis, information and possible solutions to the Engineer Professional Advisory Committee

22. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • Recruitment & Retention Subcommittee • Assist with COSTEP issues • Coordinate special pay and incentives • Career Opportunities Pamphlet update • Identify Agency recruiting contacts • Coordinate and advise Agency (or PHS) recruiting contacts on engineer-specific information needed for effective recruitment

23. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • Rules Subcommittee • Review of EPAC member nominations and apportion of EPAC voting seats • Update the Engineer Bylaws as necessary • Conduct a tri-annual reevaluation of the EPAC Charter

24. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Engineer Professional Advisory Committee (EPAC) • Special Events Subcommittee • Advise the EPAC on matters related to planning and implementing the Category Day Agenda • Develop Category Day Agenda, including identifying appropriate speakers for the USPHS Scientific Training Symposium • Develop and distribute publicity flyers to PHS engineers and the public Publish the Category Day program booklet • Coordinate Category Day program with the COF Conference Planning Committee • Manage Category Day activities during the symposium • Complete all after-action items to ensure all presenters are properly recognized and honorariums or other expenses paid by COF

25. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Our Mission • Provide sound engineering expertise in support of specific organization / agency objectives. • Use engineering skills to protect the American public and to research and identify solutions to the many health related problems that face our nation. • Provide assistance directly to the American people in the form of professional consultation and the provision of health related facilities.

26. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Where we work • Indian Health Service • Food and Drug Administration • Environmental Protection Agency • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention • Department of Interior • Office of the Surgeon General • National Institutes of Health • Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry • Other HHS and non HHS agencies.

27. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Public Health Engineer Centennial Achievements • Safe drinking water • Control of infectious diseases • Safer foods • Motor vehicle safety • Worker safety

28. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Where we work • Indian Health Service • Food and Drug Administration • Environmental Protection Agency • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention • Department of Interior • Office of the Surgeon General • National Institutes of Health • Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry • Other HHS and non HHS agencies.

29. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Our Disciplines • Civil/Environmental • Mechanical • Electrical • Chemical • Computer Science • Biomedical • Bioengineering • Nuclear

30. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers What We Do • PHS engineers at IHS Sanitation Facilities Construction Program provide engineering, project and construction management services.

31. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers What We Do • At CDC engineers research and lead health related engineering programs.

32. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers What We Do • PHS engineers at NIOSH work in many environments from the laboratory to the field.

33. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers What We Do • PHS engineers at ATSDR assess and advise populations near Superfund sites of their environmental health risks.

34. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers What We Do • PHS engineers at NIH build and maintain state of the art facilities and equipment used by some of our nations leading scientists.

35. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers What We Do • PHS engineers at FDA insure public safety by testing new medical devices and devices that influence medical devices.

36. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers What We Do • PHS engineers at EPA detailed to EPA Superfund Site program work to investigate and remediate sites.

37. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers What We Do • PHS engineers at DOI provide engineering, project and construction management, and assessments of water and wastewater facilities.

38. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers What We Do • PHS engineers and emergency response • Refugee Situations • Hurricanes/Earthquakes • Floods/ Ice Storms • Political Conventions • Protests/Demonstrations • International Meetings • Staff Augmentation • International Assistance

39. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Looking Forward • Continue to play vital role in the overall PHS mission to protect, promote and advance the public health of the nation. • Remain on the cutting edge of engineering disciplines and technology.

40. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers Questions Presenter Presenter Contact Info

41. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers IHS – Photo Gallery

42. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers IHS – Photo Gallery

43. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers IHS – Photo Gallery

44. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers IHS – Photo Gallery

45. History of The United States Public Health Service Engineers IHS – Photo Gallery

46. Engineer Centennial Agency Letters • HRSA • Over 6 decades ago, the Rehabilitation Services Program was assembled at the then National Hansen’s Disease Center in Carville, Louisiana composed of surgeons, therapists, and engineers. Today, the National Hansen’s Disease Programs, now located in Baton Rouge, LA, has contributed surgical and rehabilitation techniques to numerous treatment programs in hand, foot and ankle, orthopedic and plastic surgery, Hansen’s disease (leprosy), and related disease treatment programs worldwide.

47. Engineer Centennial Agency Letters • EPA

48. Engineer Centennial Agency Letters • Others