Pharos university Faculty of Allied Medical SCIENCE Biochemistry 1 (MLBC-201)

1. Pharos universityFaculty of Allied Medical SCIENCEBiochemistry 1(MLBC-201) Dr. Dr Hewaida Fadel & Dr. Tarek El Sewedy Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences

2. Final Revision

3. All of the following are storage carbohydrates except (a) starch (b) glycogen (c) amylopectin (d). amylose (e) cellulose All the following molecules contain more than one ring except (a) Cholesterol (b) glucose (c) progesterone (d) sucrose (e) DNA

4. Identify functional group P on compound (a). _______________ . Identify functional group Q on compound (a). _______________ Identify the monomer represented by compound (a). _______________ . Identify compound (b). _______________ Name the bond formed at the arrow R above _______________

5. Identify this specific class of carbohydrate _____________________________ What are the monomers of this compound? Enzymes speed up biochemical reactions by: (a) lowering the activation energy of the reaction (b) increasing the activation energy of the reaction (c) lowering the temperature of the reaction (d) increasing the temperature of the reaction

7. The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated below. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. • ___Which of the following combinations could be linked together to form a nucleotide? • a. 1, 2, and 11 • b. 3, 7, and 8 • c. 5, 9, and 10 • d. 11, 12, and 13 • e. 12, 14, and 15 • _ • Which of the following molecules could be joined together by a peptide bond as a result of a dehydration reaction? • a. 2 and 3 • b. 3 and 7 • c. 7 and 8 • d. 8 and 9 • e. 12 and 13 • A fat (or triacylglycerol) would be formed as a result of a dehydration reaction between • a. one molecule of 9 and three molecules of 10. • b. three molecules of 9 and one molecule of 10. • c. one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 9. • d. three molecules of 5 and one molecule of 9. • e. one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 10.

8. Which of the following molecules contains a glycosidic linkage type of covalent bond? • a. 4 • b. 6 • c. 12 • d. 13 • e. 15 • Which of the following molecules consists of a hydrophilic "head" region and a hydrophobic "tail" region? • a. 2 • b. 5 • c. 7 • d. 9 • e. 11

9. A molecule with the chemical formula C16H32O16 is probably a a. carbohydrate. • b. lipid. • c. protein. • d. nucleic acid. • e. hydrocarbon. • A molecule with the formula C18H36O2 is probably a • a. carbohydrate. • b. lipid. • c. protein. • d. nucleic acid. • e. hydrocarbon.

10. The 20 different amino acids found in polypeptides exhibit different chemical and physical properties because of different • a. carboxyl groups attached to an alpha carbon • b. amino groups attached to an alpha carbon • c. side chains (R groups). • d. alpha carbons. • e. asymmetric carbons. • The chemical reaction illustrated in the figure below results in the formation of a (an) a. ionic bond. b. peptide bond. c. glycosidic linkage. d. ester linkage. e. phosphodiester linkage

11. Write the formula for the following 2 Fatty Acids and Mention if they are considered essential or not and the reason for your choice

12. Describe the biological importance of insulin and mention the hormone that antagonizes its actions. • Describe the major functions of Nucleotides. • Mention the major biological difference between LDL and HDL. • Describe major functions of Carbohydrates. • Mention major biological functions of Lipids.

13. B1. Galactose is an example of a Monosaccharide sugar. (True – False) B2. Disaccharides are formed when 2 monosaccharaides are joined by a glycosidic bond (True – False) B3. All 20 amino acids are Nutritionallyessential (True – False) B4. Nucleic acidsare hydrocarbon chains of various lengths and degrees of unsaturation (True – False) B5. The notation 18:n2 denotes a C18 fatty acid with 2 double bonds (True – False) B6. A diglyceride if formed as a result of a triglyceride hydrolysis (True – False) B7. Adenosin And Guanosin are Purine bases (True – False) B9. In competitive inhibition of enzymes the substrate and inhibitor compete for 2 active sites on the enzyme (True – False) B10 Oxidases are the hormones responsible for oxidation inside cells (True – False)

14. What is the primary source of immediate energy for the body?2. Carbohydrates that cannot be broken down into simpler units are _______. • 1. ______ & ______ are components of DNA and RNA, respectively.3. What are glycoproteins? • 4. What are glycolipids? Give an example of where are they found. •  What is starch vs glycogen?2. Where is starch found? 3. Where is glycogen found? • How are monosaccharides classified? • Mention 4 different classes of enzymes

15. All of the following nitrogenous bases are found in DNA except • a. thymine. • b. adenine. • c. uracil. • d. guanine. • e. cytosine. Which of the following statements best summarizes the structural differences between DNA and RNA? a. RNA is a protein, whereas DNA is a nucleic acid. b. DNA is a protein, whereas RNA is a nucleic acid. c. DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. d. RNA is a double helix, but DNA is single-stranded. e. A and D are correct.

16. Suggested readings: Principles of Biochemistry, Donald J. Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. pratt; Willey, 3rd ed.