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Settling down, Building Cities, & Establishing states

Settling down, Building Cities, & Establishing states. Part 2. Why the Rise of Social complexity?. Hypotheses centered on: 1. 2. 3. Many hypotheses proposed _____________________________. External factors and Internal factors. Natufians. _______________ Wild cereals, nuts, &

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Settling down, Building Cities, & Establishing states

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  1. Settling down, Building Cities, & Establishing states Part 2

  2. Why the Rise of Social complexity? • Hypotheses centered on: • 1. • 2. • 3. • Many hypotheses proposed • _____________________________ External factors and Internal factors

  3. Natufians • _______________ • Wild cereals, nuts, & wild game • ______________ __________________ sedentism • 2 dozen villages (~40-150ppl) • Architecture • Implications of social stratification

  4. What is social complexity? • Natufians were at first an _____________________ • What is egalitarian? _________ __________________ Social Complexity 1. 2. 3.

  5. Complex Society • 1. increase in population size • 2. extensive division of labor • 3. occupational specialization • These are associated with ‘social complexity’

  6. Archaeological evidence of social complexity Temple of the Giant Jaguar • 1. ___________ • Mayan Civilization • Tikal, Guatemala • Dominated the Maya region politically, economically, and militarily

  7. Archaeological evidence of social complexity • 2. grave goods Peru: 1200yr old Wari ceramic flask Peru: Funeral Chamber with Gold & Pottery

  8. Archaeological evidence of social complexity Varna, Bulgaria: Elite Grave Goods, Varna Necropolis 4500-4000 BC • 2. grave goods

  9. Archaeological evidence of social complexity • 3. _______________________________ • Example: _________________________________ • Occupational specialization

  10. Evolution of Disease • 99% human history we were hunter-gatherers • Common diseases: _______________________ • __________________: minimum contact with disease vectors • 10-12,000yrs ago lifestyle change: • Domestication of plants, animals • More sedentary, increased population density • Urbanization, industrialization =_______________

  11. Agricultural Populations • Sedentary, larger population = continuous exposure to vectors _________________________ • Many infectious diseases from: • ___________________________________ • Agriculture DOES NOT = _________________ • Few crops, crop failure ___________________ • Carbohydrates __________________

  12. Agriculture and Human Health • Prevalence of Infectious Disease • Nutrition Consequences • 1. • 2. • A. • B.

  13. Consequences of Modernity:“Diseases of Civilization” • Infectious Diseases  _______________________ • Metabolic Stress/Parasitism • Dental decay • Chronic diseases _____________________________ • Industrial cultural behaviors that lead to various, recent ailments • _________________________

  14. Modern Health: The 10 / 90 Disequilibrium ___________________________________ What is 90% of the health research being devoted to?

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