Simplicity and Automation in Reconfigurable Optical Networks

1. Simplicity and Automation inReconfigurable Optical Networks Dr. Tom McDermott Director, CTO Office, Fujitsu tom.mcdermott@us.fujitsu.com

2. Why Reconfigurable Optical Networks for Research and Education? • Distance and capacity • 10G circuits across regional distances • 100Gb/s to Tb/s of capacity • Protocol transparency • Ethernet, SONET, Fiber Channel Protocols • Lowest latency possible • Automation • Rapid circuit establishment and re-arrangement Research Laboratory Research Laboratory University University Antenna Site Radio Astronomy High Speed Grid Computing Uncompressed HD Video

3. WDM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM Optical Networking Evolution Simplicity • Arbitrary topologies • Dynamic wavelength assignment • Automatic power balancing • Universal amplifiers • Tunable components • xWDM access integration • Sub-wavelength integration • Simpler than SONET Operations 0-1000km 10G - 1.6T • Single Ring Topologies • Reconfigurable wavelength assignment • Automatic power balancing • Operational ease equivalent to SONET ADMs 0-600km 10G-400G 0-300km 2.5G - 160G • Point to Point topologies • Static wavelength assignment • Manual power adjustments • Heavy operational burden Flexibility/ Distance Capacity WDM WDM

4. Multiple, small rings Additional Fiber pairs required Costly OEO between rings Manual Fibering Between Rings Non-integrated spurs Single growable structure Only 1 fiber pair between any two sites No OEO between rings Automated connectivity between rings Integrated spurs ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM Optical Hubbing: Dynamic Networking Across any Topology Two-degree nodes Mixed two degree and multi-degree nodes 2 pairs 1 pair

5. Optical Hubbing Reduces Fibering 350 300 DWDM Number of 250 Fibers to 200 Interconnect Optical Hub 150 Rings 100 DWDM DWDM Back to Back 50 0 2 3 4 DWDM Number of Rings per Hub Site ROADM Optical Hubbing – Dynamic Assignment vs. Manual Patching Back to Back • Eliminates transponders • Eliminates NE’s • Single TID • 10x reduction in fibering • Automatic reconfiguration • Fibering is independent of • Wavelength routing • Wavelength assignment • Wavelength quantity • Allows multiple network deployment scenarios • Fibering depends directly on wavelength assignment • 100’s of jumpers for a large system Optical Hubbing • Fibering done day one. • Wavelengths assigned dynamically • 10’s of jumpers for a large system

6. DEMUX Switch MUX Technology Breakthrough – Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS) • Single, integrated device • Replaces optical demultiplexer, multiplexer and optical switches • Removes unnecessary loss on thru path -> more nodes, more reach, more savings • Any wavelength or any group of wavelengths to any/multiple ports • Enables optical hubbing and arbitrary network topologies

7. Optical Fabric Technology Evolution iPLC Wavelength Selective Switch Waveblocker West East West East West East Integrated PLC WaveBlocker 1xN WSS North Client ports South lN Client 2-degree solution 2-degree solution Multi-degree solution • 2 port DWDM device • Blocks individual wavelengths on through path • Other components perform wavelength add/drop • Used in Broadcast and Select Architectures • 2 port DWDM + N wavelength port device • Switches individual wavelengths to single client ports • Low through loss – large networks, many nodes • Complex cascading required for multi-degree solutions • N port DWDM device • Switches individual Wavelengths between DWDM ports • Colorless operation • Low through loss – large networks, many nodes • Can be mixed with 2-degree fabrics on a network basis

8. First-generation DWDM Multiple site visits Manual patching for through circuits Manual power balancing Limited service velocity Touchless provisioning Site visits at service edge only Automated SONET & wavelength provisioning Operational simplicity Quantum leap in service velocity 3 4 6 1 7 10 9 2 5 8 11 ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM Remote Touchless Service Activation – Revolutionizes Service Velocity 1 2 Site visits only for service card installation. “In one small region, we would have to do 30,000 individual fiber jobs without using ROADMs,” “… transition to Ethernet becomes easier with a ROADM infrastructure because we can react quickly.” G. Keith Cambron, SVP of AT&T labs at OFC 2006. Fujitsu-pioneered technology

9. Automatic Power Balancing • Maintains equal channel output power in face of wavelength assignment/rearrangement/network failure • Enables software provisionable wavelength add/drop/thru and reconfigure • No manual adjustments anywhere Fujitsu patented technology All wavelength power levels equal Fujitsu Technology

10. ROADM ROADM ROADM ROADM Automating Control and Management • GMPLS enabled topology discovery • Populates EMS database for assured inventory tracking • Verifies fiber connectivity • Craft user sees whole network easily • Circuit provisioning options • Point and click from EMS • Activated from EMS with explicit route – signaled using GMPLS • Activated from EMS, computed route using GMPLS • Circuit tracking with GMPLS • Network element layer understands end to end circuit view • Simplifies troubleshooting and alarm correlation

11. Summary • Optical Networking provides substantial value for R&E applications • Transparency, distance, capacity, automation • Optical networking surpasses the simplicity of SONET networking • Elimination of manual adjustments • Zero-lambda turnup • In-service wavelength additions to spans, rings • In-service addition of nodes to rings • In-service addition of rings and spurs to networks • Network automation uniquely enabled by • Optical Hubbing • Auto-adjusting amplifiers • Tunable components • GMPLS control plane and EMS