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3.6 and 3.7 – Mantle Simulation Lab

3.6 and 3.7 – Mantle Simulation Lab. Warm-Up: Using your group’s 3-page map, mark the list of earthquakes on your desk with a triangle. Next, send one person from your group with your map to the Big World map and mark your earthquakes with triangles. Next class…go over notebook quiz.

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3.6 and 3.7 – Mantle Simulation Lab

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  1. 3.6 and 3.7 – Mantle Simulation Lab • Warm-Up: Using your group’s 3-page map, mark the list of earthquakes on your desk with a triangle. Next, send one person from your group with your map to the Big World map and mark your earthquakes with triangles. • Next class…go over notebook quiz.

  2. Mantle Simulation Lab • Keep careful notes…you will write a lab report for this experiment! • Explanation of lab • Safety precautions

  3. Materials • Red and yellow food coloring • Hot and cold water • Rubber band • 2L bottle • Plastic cup • Aluminum foil • Pencil

  4. Objective • Our objective is to observe what happens when a cup of warm water is lowered into a bottle of cold water. This movement of water is meant to simulate movement of the Earth’s mantle.

  5. Hypothesis • What do you think will happen when the warm water is released into the cold water? Why do you think this will happen?

  6. Procedure 1. Cut off the top of a 2L bottle and fill to about 5-6 cm from the top with cool tap water.

  7. Procedure 2. Put 1 drop of red and one drop of yellow food coloring into the small plastic cup.

  8. Procedure 3. Fill the plastic cup with warm water almost to the top.

  9. Procedure 4. Cover the plastic cup with a square of aluminum foil and place a rubber band around the lip of the cup to keep the aluminum foil in place.

  10. Procedure 5. With the sharp end of the pencil, create two holes in the top of aluminum foil about 2 cm apart by pushing the pencil through the foil.

  11. Procedure 6. Make a handle for the cup by carefully placing the pencil with the eraser side up underneath the rubber band (see “Mantle Simulation” sheet.

  12. Procedure 7. Slowly lower the plastic cup down into the 2L bottle. When the cup reaches the bottom, hold the handle so that the cup is positioned with one hole above the other.

  13. Procedure 8. Observe what happens in your experiment. Take careful notes in your science notebook. Note the direction of the flow of the warm colored water. How does it move?

  14. Procedure 9. Draw and label your “Mantle Simulation” sheet with the movement of the water.

  15. Procedure 10. Clean up!

  16. Gallery Walk • Create a poster that includes the following information: • A sketch and description of how the water moved • Your ideas about what’s causing the warm water to move • A diagram of how you think the Earth’s mantle moves and why • Strengths and weaknesses of this model (the Mantle Simulation Lab)

  17. How does material in Earth’s mantle move and what affects does that have on the Earth’s crustal plates?

  18. Video 1 • Pay attention to the movement of the water • Why does it look like it travels upward? • What happens at the surface of the water?

  19. With a partner… • What else do we need to know to better explain why the water moved the way it did? What else would you need to know to better explain how Earth’s mantle could be moving? • Remember what you saw at the surface of the water. What do you think would happen if two pieces of cardboard floated on top of the water? Why?

  20. Video 2 • What’s happening to the cardboard?

  21. Aha!  The warmer, colored water moved upward through the cooler water. As the warmer water rose, the cooler water moved down, or sank, replacing it. It works the same way in the mantle. As material in the mantle becomes warmer, it rises, and as it cools, it sinks. This sets up a repeating pattern of rising and sinking material in the mantle. The movements in the mantle cause the plates to move. The next section will help you understand why this continuous rising and sinking is happening.

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