In The Name Of God Most Beneficent,The Merciful

1. In The Name Of GodMost Beneficent,The Merciful They ask you concerning Zul-Quarnain (The two horned)

2. بسم الله الرحمـــــن الرحيم the ascension position of the sun مطلع الشمس

3. They ask you concerning Zol-Quarnain, say, "I will rehearse to you something of his story (83). Verily, we established his power on the earth, and we gave him the ways to all ends (84). One such way he followed (85). Until, when he reached the setting position of the sun, he found it setting in a (hot water spring of black mud) and he found people there. We said "O Zol-Quarnain either punish them or treat them kindly (86). He said "whoever does the, wrong, we shall punish him; then he will be sent back to his Lord; and He will punish him severe punishment (87). But, whoever believes and works righteousness, he will have a goodly reward, and easy will be his task as we order it (88). Then he followed another way (89). Until he reached the ascension position of the sun, he found it ascending on people for whom We have provided no shelter (screen) against it (90). THE QURAN, SURAT 18 AL KAHF( the cave) The Night screens the sun from people , At the Arctic circle in summer time, the mid-night sun does not rise nor set, it is ascending above the horizon. The duration of the day increases as we go north. It is maximum six months at the north pole, i.e. at latitude 90 which is the number of the last ait (verse). آ

4. The earth at summer solstice The setting position of the sun The Ascension of the Sun Arctic circle Night Day Antarctic Circle The rising position of the sun

5. The Latitudes of the Setting and Ascension Positions of the Sun at the Time of Alexander the Great The Horizon The Ascension of the Sun latitude 65.91º The setting position of the sun latitude 65.418° The rising position of the sun

6. The Lord Of The Two Rising Positions And The Two Setting Positions (17) Surat 55 Arrahman The Two Rising Positions The Two Setting Positions

7. Until he comes to Us, he will say, "Oh, I wish that between you and me was the distance of the two rising positions of the sun. What a miserable companion (38) Surat Al Zughruf chapter 43 the distance of the two rising positions of the sun=length of the major axis of the earth’s orbit around the sun

8. The setting position of the sun occurs presently at summer solstice (21 - 22 June) at latitude 65 43´, i.e. it is the last position on earth where the whole solar disk sets for few moments and then reappears. Clearly, as we advance northwards, the duration of the sun remaining above the horizon increases, so if we move beyond the setting circle by about the sun's vertical diameter, i.e. 29’, then the sun remains above the horizon for an interval of about 10 days; June 23rd to 2nd July for latitude 66° 12’

9. Zol-Qarnain ِAssuming that Zol-Qarnain is the two horned Alexander, which is a very probable assumption, then he might have reached the Arctic circle around 300 BC.

10. Hot water spring of black mud

11. The Proposed Location Of The Hot Water Spring Within The Siberian Basalt Volcanic Plateau Near The Border Of The Arctic Circle

12. Lapp People and he found people there It is suggested that the Lapp people are the descendants of the natives that Alexader found around the Arctic circle and his soldiers. They are looking like Greeks and their costumes are rather similar. Photograph by Shahinaz Yousef From the border of Finland-Siberia

13. He is the One who created the night and the day, and the sun and the moon, each swimming in an orbit. Sun Night's orbit Day’ orbit ُEarth's Orbit

14. Conclusions • The holy Quran states that Zol-quarnain reached the sun's setting position and then the ascension place of the sun where the sun is always apparent (It does not rise nor set). This phenomena known as midnight sun occurs on the border of the Arctic circle around summer solstice. • Several scholars of the holy Quran believe that Zol-quarnain (so called because of reaching between the two horns of the sun (the upper and lower limbs of the sun where the upper solar horn touches the horizon at the setting position of the sun while the lower horn touches the horizon at the ascension position of the sun ) and because of wearing two horns) is Alexander Zol-Quarnain. The face of Alexander the Great is drawn on the golden sun disk and preserved at the Bibliotheque National in Paris as documented in Larource encyclopedia.

15. From Astronomical calculations • the border of the Arctic Circle was at latitude 66.261° around 330 B.C. • The latitude of the setting position then over hot water spring is approximately 65.418°. • The existence of a hot water spring of black mud in the setting position of the sun indicates that this area must exist in a volcanic area, and indeed right at this latitude, the Siberian Basalt volcanic plateau exists. Basalt gives this place the black color. • Alexander then moved about 51.5 Km north to latitude 65.91°approximately to observe the ascension position of the sun.

16. We invite excavations: a) In and around the Siberian Basalt volcanic plateau at latitude 65.418° . b) Around latitude 65.91º in Siberia, which should prove that Zol-Quarnian had reached the Arctic Circle around summer solstice on 27 of June 330±3 BC.

17. The Lapp People • It is proposed that the lapp people living in the arctic circle are the descendants of Alexander's soldiers and the original inhabitants of the arctic circle • l