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Prevention of Diabetic Complications: Who is Exempted?

Learn about the complications of diabetes and who is exempted from fasting during Ramadan. Discover the impact of fasting on the body and potential risks to watch out for. Find out how to manage diabetes and make healthy food choices during Ramadan.

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Prevention of Diabetic Complications: Who is Exempted?

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  1. By Dr. Syed ObaidullahJunaid Pulmonologist ,MRCP(UK) MOH, KSMC, Riyadh- KSA.

  2. Complications ofDiabetic

  3. PREVENTION OF DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS

  4. WHO IS • EXEMPTed?

  5. WHO IS EXEMPTED? 1.2 There are certain groups of people and circumstances where you may be exempt from fasting. For example: • children (under the age of puberty) • elderly • the sick • those with learning difficulties • those who are travelling • pregnant, breastfeeding and menstruating women. However, should any one of you be sick or on a journey, then (he should fast) a number of other days (equal to the missed ones); And as for those who fast (with difficulty) they have a choice either to fast or to feed a poor person for every day. (Surah Baqarah: Ayah 184)

  6. 1.3 • Develops when the body cannot make enough insulin, or when the insulin produced does not work properly. • Linked to lifestyle and can be preventable. • Starts gradually, usually later in life, and because the symptoms may not be so obvious it might be years before it is diagnosed. • 90% of people with diabetes. • The body is unable to produce the hormone insulin, which we need to break down the glucose (energy) in what we eat or drink. • Unrelated to lifestyle factors and is not preventable. • Usually diagnosed when you are a child or young adult. • 10% of people with diabetes.

  7. BLOOD GLUCOSE CONTROL 1.3 • It’s very important to have good blood glucose control if you have been diagnosed with diabetes. • If your blood glucose levels are too high for too long, you can get extremely ill. • Good glucose control helps reduce your risk of developing future complications such as: • Blindness • Heart disease • Stroke • Nerve damage • Kidney disease.

  8. Impact of fasting on • The body

  9. IMPACT OF FASTING 1.4 ON THE BODY

  10. IMPACT OF FASTING 1.4 ON THE BODY If you have a blood glucose meter it is important that you check your blood glucose levels more often during fasting. • O you who believe! fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed upon those before you in order that you may attain taqwa.(Surah Baqarah, Ayah 183). For those who patiently persevere will truly receive a reward without measure. (Surah Zumar, Ayah 10)

  11. Potential risks when • fasting

  12. POTENTIAL RISKS 1.5 WHEN FASTING 1 Hypoglycaemia (when glucose levels are too low) • Shaking, sweating • Blurred vision • Tingling of the lips • Irritability/anxiety • Fast pulse/palpitations. Not all people with diabetes will be at risk of hypos – only those with insulin or using certain medication.

  13. POTENTIAL RISKS 1.5 WHEN FASTING 2 Hyperglycaemia (When glucose levels are too high) • Thirst • Going to the toilet more often • Headaches • Extreme tiredness • Ketones – pear drop smell on breath (mainly for people with Type 1 and occasionally for people with Type 2).

  14. POTENTIAL RISKS 1.5 WHEN FASTING 3 Dehydration • Feel more thirsty • Not going to the toilet as often • Dry mouth, lips and skin. Remember testing your blood glucose levels doesn’t break your fast so if you have the facility to test your blood glucose levels regularly please do so.

  15. WHAT ARE MY OPTIONS? 1.6 • Visit your doctor two months prior to Ramadan. • If you are advised by your doctor to not fast, then take that advice. • If you are unable to fast, speak to your local Imam. • It may be a good idea to do a couple of days in the month before Ramadan (Shabaan) to see if you are capable of completing it without any complications. • In certain areas there are education programmes available to help you manage your diabetes during Ramadan. I never saw the Messenger of Allah (saws) fast for an entire month except in Ramadan and I never saw him fast more than he did in Shabaan. (Bukhari and Muslim)

  16. HOW SHOULD I 1.7 MANAGEMY DIABETES? • It is important to take your medication with your food and during Ramadan a suitable medication plan needs to be devised with your doctor or diabetes team. • Without discussing it with your doctor you could be at risk of hypoglycaemia (hypo) and hyperglycaemia (hyper). • Rigorous exercise is not recommended as the risk of hypos may be increased. Make not your own hands contribute to your destruction. (Surah Baqarah, Ayah 195)

  17. FOOD CHOICES

  18. FOOD CHOICES 1.8 • Healthy ways to open your fast would be slow-releasing food such as porridge, chapatti, lentils, beans, basmati rice or a handful of nuts. • Foods high in saturated fats should be avoided i.e ghee, samosas and pakoras. • Healthy ways to break the fast include a handful of dates and some water. Actions are according to intentions, and a person will get the reward according to his intention. (Bukhari)

  19. 1.2 Eat of the good wholesome things. (Surah Ta-Ha, Ayah 81)

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