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The American Revolution

The American Revolution. Causes…. 1. England’s attitude towards her colonies Colonies seen as 1. a source of food & raw material and 2. a market for finished products 2. England imposes trade & manufacturing regulations

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The American Revolution

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  1. The American Revolution

  2. Causes… • 1. England’s attitude towards her colonies • Colonies seen as • 1. a source of food & raw material and • 2. a market for finished products • 2. England imposes trade & manufacturing regulations • Navigation Acts (1650) – no goods could be shipped to or from any except in English ship • Sugar Act (1764) – raised duties on refined sugar, textiles, and other goods imported from any place other than Britain or a British colony

  3. Causes…. • Quartering Act (1765) – colonies had to provide funds, living quarters and supplies to help meet the living expenses of maintaining British troops in America • Stamp Act (1765) – placed a tax on newspapers, almanacs, pamphlets, playing cards, and legal documents. • Tea Act (1773) – led to Boston Tea Party • Intolerable Acts (1774) – punishment for the Boston Tea Party.

  4. First Continental Congress (1774) • In Philadelphia, delegates met & issued the Declaration of Rights & Grievances – Denounced the Intolerable Acts & demanded representation in Parliament

  5. April 19, 1775 • Anticipating war, groups called Minutemen began organizing into militia. British general sent troops to arrest leaders who were warned by Paul Revere -> “Shots hear ‘round the world”

  6. Second Continental Congress (1775) • Delegates once again met in Philadelphia. They did not declare themselves independent yet, but did vote to resist with force until grievances addressed. This led to the creation of the Continental Army, led by George Washington.

  7. Fighting expands in areas around Boston and in North Carolina/South Carolina • July 4, 1776 – The Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson, which severed ties with England. This led to the American Revolution. • The war went very badly at first for the Americans.

  8. Foreign Volunteers • Baron de Kalb – German born French army officer, fought for America but killed at the Battle of Camden in S.C. (1780) • Thaddeus Kosciusko – Polish military engineer, planned fortifications • Marquis de Lafayette – Wealthy French nobleman, became Washington’s aide & Confidant • Casimir Pulaski – Polish noble & army officer, led cavalry until killed at siege of Savannah (1779) • Baron von Steuben – Prussian officer, trained the Continental army at Valley forge “the drillmaster of the Revolution”

  9. Tide of the War Changes • After failing to make headway in the Middle colonies, the British transferred their activities to the South – took Charleston, Savannah, & won @ Camden But were defeated @ King’s Mountain & Cowpens.

  10. Yorktown • Washington brought his army South & trapped Cornwallis at Yorktown. Cornwallis forced to surrender

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