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The Synoptic Gospels

The Synoptic Gospels. What are the synoptic gospels?. Written by Matthew, Mark & Luke Meaning: “a seeing together” They portray the life of Jesus in similar ways. Similarities of the Synoptic Gospels. General chronology from baptism to resurrection.

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The Synoptic Gospels

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  1. The Synoptic Gospels

  2. What are the synoptic gospels? • Written by Matthew, Mark & Luke • Meaning: “a seeing together” • They portray the life of Jesus in similar ways

  3. Similarities of the Synoptic Gospels • General chronology from baptism to resurrection. • Popular early ministry in Galilee concluding with opposition in Judea. • Turning point of Jesus’ ministry: Peter’s confession at Caesarea Philippi (Mt 16:13-20). • Passion week takes a large section of conclusion. • Similar wording and style.

  4. What is “the synoptic problem”? • How do we explain the numerous similarities between these 3 Gospels as well as the various differences? • Why do we have more than one Gospel? • What do these similarities and differences tell us about each Gospel origin?

  5. 3 Step Process • The Oral Stage – eyewitnesses who handed down traditions. • The Written Stage – many have undertaken to draw upan account. • The Editorial Stage (Final Composition) – “an orderly narrative” by an editor who chooses & arranges material.

  6. Laws of Transmission Groups that pass on information tend to: • lengthen their stories, • Add details, • Fit stories to their own language, • Preserve & develop only what meets their needs & promotes their beliefs.

  7. Two-Source Hypothesis for Synoptic Gospels • Mark is the earliest Gospel. • Under laws of transmission, shortest comes first. • Matthew contains nearly all of Mark; Luke has half of Mark. • Matthew & Luke follow Mark’s chronology. • Quelle (Source) – is the 2nd source; this is where Matthew & Luke got material which not found in Mark.

  8. The "Synoptic Problem"

  9. The 4 Document Hypothesis • Mark – chronology, framework. • Q - Quelle – common to Luke & Matthew, but not in Mark. • M – unique to Matthew. • L – unique to Luke.

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