1 / 24

Journal # 3: List two ways that a sponge benefits other organisms.

Learn the traits, feeding habits, and reproduction of sponges, and how they benefit other organisms. Includes diagrams and animations.

bernardreynolds
Download Presentation

Journal # 3: List two ways that a sponge benefits other organisms.

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Journal # 3: List two ways that a sponge benefits other organisms.

  2. When you are done • Turn in to the basket on my desk, work on your new vocab-zoology books are in the bookcase

  3. Zoology 8/22Part 2 vocab quiz 8/24Unit test 8/27 What are the traits of Phylum Porifera? • 1. Journal #6 • 2. Phylum Porifera • 3. Porifera coloring/question sheet

  4. Journal #6 • 1. What is radial symmetry? • 2. Give an advantage • 3. Give a disadvantage • 4. Example of organism with this symmetry

  5. PHYLUM PORIFERA SPONGES

  6. I. General Information • Porifera means “pore-bearing” • EX: sponges 3. No tissues, organs, or systems 4. Entire animal consists of several different types of cells functioning together. 5. Sessile- immobile • Symmetry: Asymmetrical- no symmetry • Simplest of all animals

  7. Osculum- allows water & waste to leave. Spicules- give support/protection Choanocyte- traps passing food Spongocoel- center cavity of sponge Porocyte- allows water & food into sponge Mesohyl- gelatinous middle layer thru which amoebocytes travel. Amoebocytes- carry nutrients, oxygen thru body. Can also become reproductive cells. Ostium (plural ostia)- opening to a porocyte Pinacocyte- epidermal cells; cover outside of sponge; can contract to close ostia when irritated

  8. Digestion/Feeding • Filter feeders- sessile so cannot prey on food. • Eat bacteria, algae, protists, larvae • Pathway of water & food

  9. a. Enters porocyte • b. Passes by choanocyte which has beating flagella to pull food into collar which captures food. • Food vacuole is created at base of choanocyte. Digestion begins. • Food vacuole is passed to an amoebocyte. • Amoebocyte carries nutrients to all parts of sponge. Also remove waste from sponge (circulatory system) • Excess water & waste exit thru osculum. • g. Can measure amount of water flow out of the sponge by adding dye http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/courses.hp/zool250/animations/Porifera.swf

  10. Respiration- exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide 1. DIFFUSION through the cell membranes exposed directly to water.

  11. Skeleton/Support • Spicules- needle-like pieces of calcium carbonate or silica. All different shapes & sizes 2. Spongin- flexible protein fibers found in the sponge skeleton ex:bath sponge

  12. Excretion- removal of wastes from body • Wastes removed from body by amoebocytes. • Released to spongocoel & out osculum. http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://bio.rutgers.edu/~gb102/lab_1/porifera/sponge_animation.gif&imgrefurl=http://bio.rutgers.edu/~gb102/lab_1/porifera/sponge_animation.html&usg=__RYJg9379B6PSO0d4IaeJ1cEZp6s=&h=432&w=432&sz=78&hl=en&start=2&zoom=1&tbnid=cGliBdN9G1zbTM:&tbnh=126&tbnw=126&ei=pJBlTrqTNYO6tgeXhtGECg&prev=/search%3Fq%3Damoebocytes%2Banimation%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1T4ACGW_enUS313US314%26tbm%3Disch&um=1&itbs=1

  13. VI. Reproduction • Asexual- without using sperm & egg a. Regeneration- broken pieces of sponge regrowinto entire new sponge.

  14. b. Budding- small buds break off & continue to grow until adulthood.

  15. c. Gemmules- masses of amoebocytes form on parent in winter. Amoebocytes become all other cells when released to form a new sponge.

  16. Sexual- with sperm and egg. a. Monoecious- hermaphrodites; produce sperm & egg in same organism. • Do not make or release sperm & egg at same time. • Prevents self-fertilization. • Self-fertilization is like inbreeding. Does not promote good genetic diversity.

  17. VII. 3 Body Forms • Ascon a. Simplest b. Vase-like body c. EX: Leucosolenia

  18. Sycon a. More complex than ascon. b. Folded body wall c. More choanocytes = more food d. EX: Grantia

  19. Leucon- a. Complex body wall b. Many oscula c. Even more choanocytes = more food d. EX: bath sponge

  20. VIII. Classification Based on type of spicules (different shape of spicules indicates different species) Kingdom Animalia Phylum Porifera Class Calcarea- spicules of calcium carbonate; needle-like or 3-4 rays. Class Hexactinellidae- spicules of silica with 6 rays Class Demospongiae- spicules of silica or spongin; bath sponge

  21. IX. Economic/Environmental Importance • Filter & clean water. • Control some animal populations by eating excess larvae. • Bath sponges sold for cleaning, exfoliating, personal hygiene, etc. • Part of food chain • Provide habitat for many types of animals.

  22. DAILY QUIZ #3 • The cells that capture food for the sponge are called a. Pinacocytes b. Choanocytes c. amoebocytes • The center cavity of the sponge is a. Osculum b. Mesohyl c. spongocoel • Sponges breathe a. With lungs b. With gills c. By diffusion • The jelly-like middle layer of the sponge is a. Mesohyl b. Mesoderm c. spongy • Human : red blood cell :: Sponge : a. spicule b. Amoebocyte c. osculum

  23. Links for WebQuests • http://lcmrschool.org/HS/Roth/Biology_animate/Ch26/ActiveArt/structure_of_a_sponge.swf • http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/courses.hp/zool250/animations/Porifera.swf

More Related