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Functions of Plants Stems and Leaves. A94-A97. Stems. Stems: Hold the plant up Support the leaves Carry water and food to other parts of the plant. Stems. Stems can be: Soft and green Flexible Stiff and woody Stems contain narrow tubes that carry water, nutrients and food.
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Stems • Stems: • Hold the plant up • Support the leaves • Carry water and food to other parts of the plant
Stems • Stems can be: • Soft and green • Flexible • Stiff and woody • Stems contain narrow tubes that carry water, nutrients and food. • Xylem – transport water and nutrients • Phloem – transport food
Each year, trees produce a new layer of xylem, forming a growth ring. Phloem forms the bark of a tree.
Leaves • Leaves are the food factories for trees. • They use water and nutrients from the soil, carbon dioxide from the air, and energy from sunlight to make food. • The process is called photosynthesis. Oxygen is produced which plants release into the air.
Leaves • Chlorophyll helps plants use light energy to produce sugars. • Chlorophyll gives leaves their green color. • Inside a leaf are layers of cells called chloroplasts. This is where the food-making process occurs. • Leaves have tiny holes called stomata. Carbon dioxide enters the leaf, and oxygen and water leave it. • Leaves have veins which bring water and nutrients to the chloroplasts and take sugars from them.