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The Evolution of IQ. IQ and Alfred Binet. 1904 Binet commissioned to find a way to identify children who might need special instruction. Designed to test reason, ability to judge and solve problems. Age graded tasks (The majority can) Score=Mental Age (Test Score)/Chronological Age x 100.
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IQ and Alfred Binet • 1904 Binet commissioned to find a way to identify children who might need special instruction. • Designed to test reason, ability to judge and solve problems. • Age graded tasks (The majority can) • Score=Mental Age (Test Score)/Chronological Agex 100. • Average intelligence = 100.
Testing Mania • Intelligence was seen as fixed • Testing used to “filter out” people in immigration, armed forces and even society. • Some cases of forced sterilization • Test had a cultural bias • Tennis Courts
New Tests • Include verbal, spatial skills and problem solving. • Scored using raw scores compared to others who have taken similar tests. • “Bell Curve” 130+ Very superior 2.2% 120-129 Superior 6.7% 110-119 High average 16.1% 90-109 Average 50% 80-89 Low average 16.1% 70-79 Borderline 6.7% Below 70 Extremely low 2.2%
IQ: Nature vs. Nurture • Hereditary-How do we know? • Twins • Adoption • Siblings • Environment • Stimulation • Expectations for Success • Health, Nutrition • Chaos vs. Structure • Schooling