9.3 The War of 1812

1. 9.3 The War of 1812 MAIN IDEA War breaks out again between the United States and Britain in 1812.

2. WHY IT MATTERS NOW The War of 1812 showed that the U.S. was willing and able to protect its national interest.

3. Standards • 8.5.1 Understand the political and economic causes and consequences of the War of 1812 and know the major battles, leaders, and events that led to a final peace. • 8.5.3 Outline the major treaties with American Indian nations during the administrations of the first four presidents and the varying outcome of those treaties.

4. Daily Guided Questions • Why and how did the French and British interfere with American ships? • How did the impressment of American sailors led to the War of 1812? • Why would Native American nations of the western territory side with the British?

5. Daily Guided Questions • What is nationalism and how did it play a part in the United States’ entry into the War of 1812? • What role did the “War Hawks” play in the United States going to war against Britain? • The Treaty of Ghent showed that there was no winner to the war, but in what ways did the United States change after the War of 1812?

6. British and French Rivalries • USA’s neutrality in war, but trades with both. • British and France seize American ships. -Confiscate cargoes.

7. Grievances Against Britain • Impressment –seizing Americans, drafting them into British navy. • Chesapeake incident further angers Americans. • Embargo Act declared. -Ban on exports. -meant to hurt European markets. -lifted, expect with Britain and France.

8. Tecumseh’s Confederacy • Americans rush into Northwest terr. • Shawnee chief tries to create a confederacy. -tells people to resistance return to traditional beliefs, practices. • William Henry Harrisondefeat Native Americans at the Battle of Tippecanoe.

9. The War Hawks • War Hawks want war with Britain because natives use British arms. -growing sense of nationalism. -New England says war would hurt U.S. trade and economy. -British will continue to impress Amer. sailors.

10. Early Days of the War • U.S. not ready. -No army (7,000 troops) or Navy (19 ships). • N. Americans fight for the British. -Protect Canada. • British blockade U.S. ports. • U.S. Navy wins battles.

11. The War at Sea • August 1812, USS Constitution, “Old Ironsides” defeated British Guerriere.

12. The War in Canada • July 1812, General Hull invades Canada. -Surrounded by British and Native Amer. allies. • On Lake Erie; U.S. navy wins battles. -Amer. Commander Oliver Hazard Perry wins at Put-In-Bay.

13. Cont. • US General William Henry Harrison follows. -Defeats British and N. Amer. at the Battle of Thames. -Tecumseh killed in battle.

15. Fight in the South • General Andrew Jackson defeat British N. Amer. allies at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. -Creeks lose millions of acres due to treaty.

16. Burning of D.C. • By 1814, British raid and burn towns. • Burn Wash. D.C. in retaliation for York, Canada.

17. Fort McHenry • British bombarded the fort in the Baltimore, MD harbor the night of September 13, 1814. -Francis Scott Key witnesses battle. -Writes the “The Star-Spangled Banner”. -Becomes national anthem in 1931.

19. The Battle of New Orleans • Jan. 1815, defeats British force in New Orleans. -Two weeks after the end of the war.

20. Impact of the War • The Treaty of Ghent -Signed X-mas, 1814. • Focus on being self-sufficient. • Loss of Native American power in the Western territories. • Focus on the infrastructure (roads, bridges, canals, etc.) of the country. • End the power of Federalists. -Asked to secede. • Increased nationalism.

21. Students will complete WHAT/WHY IMPORTANT/AS A RESULT voc. chart for three words. • The three words are: • Nationalism • Infrastructure • Secede

22. Primary Source p.625 • Read “The Star Spangled Banner” on textbook page 625. • Answer the three questions.

23. Study Guide pg. 89