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Coop-Modernization in AL

Coop-Modernization in AL. John R. Christy State Climatologist University of Alabama in Huntsville NWS HUN, BHM, MOB. Christy 2002. Christy 2002. Why did Athens warm up by 1.5°C in 1995? No one knows. Russellville: Find the Thermometer. Russellville: Find the Thermometer.

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Coop-Modernization in AL

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  1. Coop-Modernization in AL John R. Christy State Climatologist University of Alabama in Huntsville NWS HUN, BHM, MOB

  2. Christy 2002

  3. Christy 2002 Why did Athens warm up by 1.5°C in 1995? No one knows.

  4. Russellville: Find the Thermometer

  5. Russellville: Find the Thermometer

  6. Christy 2002 (updated through 2006)

  7. Mean TemperatureSoutheast USA 1899-2003 Models Observation

  8. For high resolution monitoring of Precipitation: 2000+ spatial Degrees of Freedom?

  9. IDEAL: 1500 in AL? Station siting for applications on radar/satellite calibration, temperature distribution (i.e. chill hours, Tmin etc.), drought monitoring, soil moisture calibration, etc.

  10. COOP-modernization Goal initially was to put a station in every 20x20 mile grid box = ~150 stations in AL. New goal is to replace HCN stations (about 1200 US, 15 AL) around the country

  11. Establishing CRN Stations • NCDC performs Site survey/site selection, installation etc. • About $50K per station • 3 stations funded over 2 years • Auburn Agricultural Experiment Stations best siting solution • 1 NE Highlands, 1 Blackbelt plains, 1 near coast

  12. USCRN CONUS Deployments Installed Pair (14) Installed Single (59) Partner sites (3 in AL) + 4 in Alaska and 2 in Hawaii

  13. AL Gadsden 19 N, Sand Mountain Research Extension (Northwest Pasture) 34.3 N 96.0 W 1160’’ April 14, 2005

  14. AL Selma 13 WNW, Auburn University (Black Belt Research and Extension Center) 32.5 N 87.2 W 204’’ May 26, 2005

  15. ALABAMA HCN

  16. ALABAMA HCN/COOP-M

  17. ALABAMA COOP TO HCN

  18. Establishing COOP-M, HCN Stations • Funding from congressional appropriation FY05: 2 CRN, 7 CRN-Lite • Desire for stations that meet federal standards for operations and climate • COOP-M Site selection committee NWS/HQ, NWS/SR, NWS/WFO, NCDC, SC, others • Selected equipment utilized by CRN network, dubbing the stations as “CRN-Lite” - Geonor gauge and triple-platinum resistor thermisters, NIST calibrated, double aspirated. Wind at some sites.

  19. Establishing COOP-M, HCN Stations • Site survey/site selection are 99% of the effort • AL situation: NWS personnel performed surveys (about 10 per WFO) • Repeat surveys are the norm • USHCN stations are priority for COOP-M • What about the COOP station number? Should be different from old HCN for overlap studies and archiving of simultaneous data

  20. Establishing COOP-M, HCN Stations • FY06 appropriation for 1 additional CRN ~45K (Gulf-Coast) and 7 COOP-M (~$25K each) • 11 COOP-M and 3 CRN now operating • 2 sites approved, 5 more to finish the 15 HCN stations • 4 new COOP-M commissioned as HCN and 2 new CRN expand original HCN network in Alabama from 15 to 21

  21. Valley Head HCN Backyard Station

  22. New Historical Climatology Network Station for Regional-Level Climate Monitoring(Valleyhead, Northern Alabama) High-risk reduction precipitation gauge in small wind shield Satellite Communications Wetness sensor One ventilated radiation shield containing three high-precision temperature sensors Data logger & power control Selected other instruments are added to this climate monitoring station as needed

  23. Scottsboro Before: Radio Station Scottsboro After: Municipal Airport

  24. Russellville Before Russellville After: Municipal Airport

  25. ° June 1-12, 2007 Total Precipitation (Inches). ° USCRN Stations ° HCN-M Stations 0.41 ° 0.09 ° ° 0.01 0.53. ° 0.62 ° 0.02 ° ° 0.01 ° 0.17 ° 0.36 ° 0.04 0.33 ° 0.53 ° ° 0.05 ° 0.06 ° 0.47 ° 0.73 ° 1.18

  26. ° June 1-12, 2007 Average Max Temps °F and (12 Day Max). ° USCRN Stations ° HCN-M Stations 90 (93) ° 89 (92) ° ° 89 (93) 87 (90) ° ° 89 (92) 89 (93) ° ° 87 (91) ° 89 (93) ° 91 (98) ° 94 (99) 93 (100) ° 94 (100) ° ° 92 (98) ° 95 (101) ° 90 (98) ° 90 (98) ° 90 (95)

  27. 26 14 25 21 ° 25 15 23 31 ° ° ° ° ° 23 33 23 18 29 9 ° 22 46 April 7-10, 2007 Event Minimum Temperature °F, and Number of Hours Temperature < 32° . ° USCRN Station ° HCN Station ° ° 2419 ° 26 22 ° 2715 ° 30 5 ° 29 6 ° 33 31 2 ° 31 1 ° ° 302 ° 31 1 ° 30 3 ° 37 Courtesy Dr. Mike Helfert NCDC

  28. N Alabama / SE Tennessee Apr 5, 2007 (Before freeze) TN GA HSV DEC AL Courtesy Dr. Mike Helfert NCDC

  29. N Alabama / SE Tennessee April 8, 2007 (After Freeze) TN GA HSV DEC AL Courtesy Dr. Mike Helfert NCDC

  30. Future Plans • If money request comes through: • Add 5 more stations, 2 in TN • Expand current stations with humidity, soil moisture, wind • Begin data analysis and overlap comparisons for homogenization effort

  31. Scottsboro Russellville Courtland

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