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Impact of Climate Change in the Non-Glacial Fed Himalayan River System:

Explore the effects of climate change on the Kosi River in Uttarakhand, India, including temperature rise, glacier recession, and changes in rainfall patterns.

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Impact of Climate Change in the Non-Glacial Fed Himalayan River System:

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  1. Impact of Climate Change in the Non-Glacial Fed Himalayan River System: A Case Study From the Kosi River in District Almora, Uttarakhand State (India) J.S.Rawat Director Centre of Excellence for Natural Resources Data Management System in Uttarakhand Professor & Head Department of Geography Kumaun University, SSJ Campus Almora-263601 Uttarakhand (India) jsrawat1955@gmail.com

  2. Non-Glacial Watersheds of Uttarakhand

  3. IMPRINTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN UTTARAKHAND • 1. Increase in temperature • Reduction in snow cover area • Steady recession of glaciers • Diminishing regulatory effect of glaciers • Shifting of vegetation line • Development of pro-glacial lakes • Increasing trend of drought years • Transformation of glacial fed rivers • Increase in Annual Rainfall • 10. Decrease in winter, summer and post • monsoon rains • 11. Increase in monsoon rains • 12. Reduction in annual rainy days • 13. Change in rainfall rhythm

  4. IMPRINTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN UTTARAKHAND • 14. Transformation of perennial streams • 15. Diminishing length of perennial streams • 16. Dwindling of summer discharge in rivers • 17 Phonological changes • 18. Reductions in crop production • 19. Shifting of apple belt • 20. Reduction in production of fruits • 21 Impact in pest spectrum • 22 Invasion of xerophytes plant roileana • 23. Developments of palm tree colonies

  5. Experimental Micro Watershed

  6. Zoom This Watershed with details of 1992 Select Excremental Watershed Salla Rautela

  7. Location Map of the Kosi watershed

  8. Location Map of the Salla Rautela micro watershed

  9. Show Hydrological Records

  10. RAINFALL (1992-2013)

  11. RAINFALL (1992-2013)

  12. HYETOGRAPH/HYDROGRAPH (1992-2013)

  13. IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE 9. Increase in Annual Rainfall 10. Increase in Monsoon Rain Rainfall 11. Decrease in winter, summer and post monsoon rains 12. Drastic decrease in rainy days 13. Transformation of perennial stream to non- perennial stream 14. Dwindling of summer discharge 15. Increase in runoff 16. Change in rainfall rhythm

  14. ANNUAL RAINFALL:INCREASING TREND Average Annual Rf 1004mm

  15. MONSOON RAINFALL:INCREASING TREND

  16. WINTER RAINFALL

  17. SUMMER RAINFALL

  18. POST MONSOON RAINFALL

  19. 12. Drastic decrease in rainy days

  20. Monthwise Rainy Days

  21. Rainy Days (Average 94 Days/yr) (Almora 1955-80 :135 Days/yr)

  22. RAINY DAYS TREND :ANNUAL Avg. 94 days/yr Almora 25 km East Almora Avg. 125 days/yr (1955-1980)

  23. RAINY DAYS TREND :WINTER

  24. RAINY DAYS TREND :PRE MONSOON

  25. RAINY DAYS :MONSOON

  26. RAINY DAYS :POST MONSOON

  27. 13.Increase in runoff

  28. Monthly Discharge l/sec (1992-2013)

  29. Average Monthly/Seasonal Discharge(1992-2013)

  30. Annual Discharge Trend

  31. Annual Discharge/Rainy Days/Rainfall Rainy Days

  32. WinterDischarge Trend

  33. Summer Discharge Trend

  34. Monsoon Discharge Trend

  35. Post Monsoon Discharge Trend

  36. 14. Change in Rainfall Rhythm

  37. Change in Rainfall Rhythm Annual Hyetograph ( Peak July)

  38. Annual Hyetograph (Peak August)

  39. Annual Hyetograph (Peak September)

  40. Transformation of Perennial Streams to Non-Perennial Streams

  41. Salla Rautela River Perennial in 1992

  42. Salla Rautela Intermittent Stream in 2001

  43. Salla Rautela Seasonal Stream in 2013

  44. Show Hydrographic Maps of 1992 and 2002

  45. NON-GLACIAL FED RIVER RESIGM • Transformation of Perennial Streams to Non- • Perennial Streams

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