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Roman World Takes Shape Chapter 5 Section 1

Roman World Takes Shape Chapter 5 Section 1. Mr. Marsh Columbus North High School. Geography of Rome. Rome began as a small city-state in central Italy. Geography of Italy made unifying Italy as one nation much easier then Greece Very fertile growing areas

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Roman World Takes Shape Chapter 5 Section 1

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  1. Roman World Takes ShapeChapter 5 Section 1 Mr. Marsh Columbus North High School

  2. Geography of Rome • Rome began as a small city-state in central Italy. • Geography of Italy made unifying Italy as one nation much easier then Greece • Very fertile growing areas • Central Location in the Mediterranean

  3. People of Rome • Rome shared the Italian Peninsula with others • Greek colonial city-states covered the southern tip of the peninsula • The Etruscans lived north of Rome and at one point in history controlled most of the Peninsula

  4. The Roman Republic(509 B.C. – 27 B.C.) • 509 B.C., Romans rejected Etruscan king (monarchy) and established a republic. • Power rests with the citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders. • In Rome, citizenship with voting rights was granted only to free-born male citizens.

  5. The Roman Republic(509 B.C. – 27 B.C.) STRUGGLE FOR POWER: CLASS CONFLICT • Patricians- wealthy landowners who held most of the power: inherited power and social status • Plebeians- (Plebs) common farmers, artisans and merchants who made up the majority of the population: can vote, but can’t rule • Tribunes- elected representatives who protect plebeians’ political rights.

  6. The Roman Republic(509 B.C. – 27 B.C.) A “Balanced” Government • Rome elects two consuls– one to lead army, one to direct government • Senate- chosen from patricians (Roman upper class), make foreign and domestic policy • Popular assemblies elect tribunes, make laws for plebeians (commoners) • Dictators- leaders appointed briefly in times of crisis (appt. by consuls and senate)

  7. See Chart: Comparing Republican Governments • What similarities do you see in the governments of the Roman Republic and the United States? • What do you think is the most significant difference between the Roman Republic and that of the United States today?

  8. The Roman Republic(509 B.C. – 27 B.C.) THE TWELVE TABLES • 451 B.C., officials carve Roman laws on twelve tablets and hung in Forum. • Laws confirm right of all free citizens to protection of the law • Become the basis for later Roman law

  9. Religion • Roman religion develops out of Greek and Etruscan religions • Rome had Jupiter, Juno, Neptune and Mars • Greeks had Zeus, Hera, Poseidon and Aries

  10. Greek Gods and Goddesses

  11. Roman Gods and Goddesses

  12. The Roman Army • All citizens were required to serve • Army was powerful: • Organization & fighting skill • Legion- military unit of 5,000 infantry (foot soldiers) supported by cavalry (horseback)

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