An Over View of ISO 14001:2004

1. An Over View of ISO 14001:2004 By AVLN Rao, CM(FQA) & MR “Protecting the Environment” is Everyone’s Job.

2. What is Environment? Surroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans, and their interrelation

3. Yesterday Was Good

4. Today is Bad

5. Tomorrow Will Be Ugly

6. Challenges • Pollution • Depletion of Resources • Community Health

7. Indian Constitution Fundamental Duty of Every Citizen • To protect environment and show compassion to Animal Kingdom

8. Star of Sustainable Development Productivity Prevention of Pollution Safety Sustainable Development Health Conservation

9. ISO 14000 Documents & Status • ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems -Specification with Guidance for Use • IS014004 Environmental Management Systems - General Guidance on Principles, Systems, and Supporting Techniques • ISO 19011 Guidelines for QMS & EMS Auditing

10. ISO 14000 Documents & Status • ISO 14014 Initial Reviews • ISO 14015 Environmental Site Assessments • ISO 14031 Evaluation of Environmental Performance • ISO 14020 Goals and Principles of All Environmental Labeling • ISO 14021 Environmental Labels and Declarations - Self Declaration Environmental Definitions

11. Significance of ISO 14000 Standards They represent a different approach as follows:- • It focuses on management systems rather than on achievement of goals. • It promotes audits of management's system, not of attainment of objectives. • It establishes principles and uniform approaches for product evaluation, and communication of environmental attributes.

12. Impact of ISO 14000 Standards • Implementation of Environmental Management System (EMS) used as a declaration of commitment to environmental protection. • Implementation of EMS used as a way to Manage and Maintain regulatory compliance. • Will effect how industry manages, measure, improves and communicates information on Environmental Aspects of its product and operations. • Will become a condition of doing business in many markets and regions. • Will effect how plants are managed and how decisions are made relating to products and processes. • Some governments are expected to require ISO 14000 certification from suppliers of specific goods and services. • There will be both benefits and costs for organizations that adopt the standards.

13. Reasons For Implementing EMS • Improve industry-government relations • Better business process • Demonstrate reasonable care • Improved environmental performance • Tool for Marketing • Good neighborhood Relations • Suppliers relationships • Reduction in liability and risk • Reduce waste and energy bills • Improve internal management

14. Environment Relationship with Other Standards • All are voluntary standards. • Philosophy, approach, architecture/ structure is similar. • ISO 9000 is the inspiration behind ISO 14000 & OHSAS 18000 is similar to ISO 14000. • All subscribe to strong documented system, but emphasis on documentation is less and on performance is more in case of ISO 14000 & OHSAS 18000. • All are MANAGEMENT standards and not PERFORMANCE specifications. • Third party certification possible in all. • All share common management principles. • Application varies • ISO 9000 oriented to customer needs. • ISO 14000 oriented to address the needs of society at large. • OHSAS 18000 is oriented to address health & safety needs of employees.

15. Management Commitment An Absolute Requirement

16. Management Commitment Management Responsibilities • Selects & supports Environmental Management Representative (EMR) • Appoints SGMs for EMS • Establishes environmental policy • Provides resources to implement and maintain Env. Management System (EMS) • Approves & periodically reviews EMS

17. Management Commitment Steering Group Members are selected from • All Substations • CAOs • System Design • Quality • Planning • Operation Services • Contracts & Materials • Human Resources Management • Human Resources Development • Finance & Accounts

18. The Three Most Important Things • Know who is the Management Representative • Know how your job affects the environment • Everyone's job is different and affect or impact the environment is also varied. • Know how you can support the organization’s environmental policy? • Do those things contained in the policy • Comply with all applicable laws and regulations

19. EMS Model for ISO 14001:2004 Continual Improvement Environmental Policy Management Review Planning Implementation & Operation Checking

20. Control Loop EMS Impact Analysis Initial Review Policy Objectives & Targets Review Program Implement, Measure & Monitor

21. Definitions Auditor • Person with the competence to conduct an audit Continual Improvement • Recurring process of enhancing the environmental management system in order to achieve improvements in overall environmental performance consistent with the organization’s environmental policy Note: The process need not take place in all areas of activity simultaneously. Corrective Action • Action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity

22. Definitions Document • Information and its supporting medium Note: The medium can be paper, magnetic, electronic or optical computer disc, photograph or master sample or a combination thereof. Environment • Surroundings in which an organization (3.16) operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans, and their interrelation Note Surroundings in this context extended from within an organization to the global system. Environmental Aspect • element of an organization’s activities or products or services that can interact with the environment Note A significant environmental aspect has or can have a significant environmental impact.

23. Definitions Environmental Impact • Any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization’s environmental aspects. Environmental Management System (EMS) • Part of an organization's management system used to develop and implement its environmental policy and manage its environmental aspects Note: A management system is a set of interrelated elements used to establish policy and objectives and to achieve those objectives. It includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures (3.19), processes and resources. Environmental Objective • Overall environmental goal, consistent with the environmental policy, that an organization sets itself to achieve Interested party • Person or group concerned with or affected by the environmental performance of an organization.

24. Definitions Environmental performance • Measurable results of an organization’s management of its environmental aspects. Note: In the context of environmental management systems, results can be measured against the organization’s environmental policy, environmental objectives, environmental targets and other environmental performance requirements. Environmental policy • Overall intentions and direction of an organization related to its environmental performances as formally expressed by top management. Note: The environmental policy provides a framework for action ad for the setting of environmental objectives and environmental targets. Environmental target • Detailed performance requirement, applicable to the organization or parts thereof that arises from the environmental objectives and that needs to be set and met in order to achieve those objectives.

25. Definitions Internal audit • Systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and evaluation it objectively to determine the extent to which the environmental management system audit criteria set by the organization are fulfilled Note in many cases, particularly in smaller organizations, independence can be demonstrated by the freedom from responsibility for the activity being audited. Nonconformity • Non-fulfillment of a requirement (ISO 9000:2000,3.6.2) Organization • Company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own functions and administration Note For organizations with more than one operating unit, a single operating unit may be defined as an organization. Preventive action • Action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity

26. Definitions Prevention of pollution • Use of processes, practices, techniques, materials, products, services or energy to avoid, reduce or control (separately or in combination) the creation, emission or discharge of any type of pollutant or waste, in order to reduce adverse environmental impacts Note Prevention of pollution can include source reduction or elimination, process, product or service changes, efficient use of resources, material and energy substitution, reuse, recovery, recycling, reclamation and treatment. Procedure • Specified way to carry out an activity or a process Note: Procedures can be documented or not. Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.4.5. Record • Document stating results achieved or providing evidence of activities performed Note: Adapted from ISO 9000:2000,3.7.6

27. Applicability of ISO 14001-2004 ISO 14001-2004 is applicable to any organization that wishes to • Establish, implement, maintain and improve an environmental management system, • Assure itself of conformity with its stated environmental policy. • Demonstrate conformity with this International Standard by • Making a self-determination and self-declaration ,or • Seeking confirmation of its conformance by parties having an interest in the organization, such as customers ,or • Seeking confirmation of its self-declaration by a party external to the organization, or • Seeking certification/registration of its environmental management system by an external organization.

28. Environment Management System Requirements 4.2 Environmental Policy Top management shall define the organization’s environmental policy and ensure that, within the defined scope of its environmental management system, it • Is appropriate to the nature, scale and environmental impacts of its activities, products and services, • Includes a commitment to continual improvement and prevention of pollution, • Includes a commitment to comply with applicable legal requirements and with other requirements to which the organization subscribes which relate to its environmental aspects, • provides the framework for setting and reviewing environmental objectives and targets. • is documented, implemented and maintained, • is communicated to all persons working for or on behalf of the organization, and • is available to the public.

29. Three Pillars of Environmental Policy COMPLIANCE IMPROVEMENT PREVENTION

30. Planning Activities, Products or services 4.3.1 4.3.2 Environmental Aspects Legal and other requirements Objectives & Targets 4.3.3 4.3.3 Environmental Program

31. 4.3 Planning 4.3.1 Environmental Aspects The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a procedure(s) • to identify the environmental aspects of its activities, products and services within the defined scope of the environmental management system that it can control and those that it can influence taking into account planned or new developments, or new or modified activities, products and services, and • to determine those aspects that have or can have significant impact (s) on the environment (i.e. significant environmental aspects). The organization shall document this information and keep it up to date. The organization shall ensure that the significant environmental aspects are taken into account in establishing, implementing and maintaining its environmental management system.

32. Impact Assessment Define Environmental Aspects Decide if under your influence & control Identify related Environmental impacts Decide if the aspect is significant Establish Control Measures Yes

33. Steps for Conducting a GIA Steps for conducting Group Impact Assessment; • Define system / scope • Identify environmental aspect(s) • List environmental impacts for the above • Give rating for quantum of exposure • Give rating for likelihood occurrence • Give rating for severity of impact • Give rating for ease of detection • Determine whether the aspects are significant • Plan control measures

34. How to do Aspect Identification? • Through Planned Inspections. • Through Group Meetings. • By Employee Consultation and Surveys. • Through Environment Management System Audits. • By Other Means.

35. Quantum of Exposure

36. Likelihood of Occurrence

37. Severity of Impact

38. Ease of Detection

39. Significance of Aspect Score = Q x L x S x E Group Environmental Impact Assessment Table

40. Hierarchy of Control Measures Source Reduction Recycling Treatment Other Controls

41. 4.3 Planning 4.3.2 Legal and Other Requirements The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a procedure(s) • to identify and have access to the applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes related to its environmental aspects, and • to determine how these requirements apply to its environmental aspects. The organization shall ensure that these applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes are taken into account in establishing, implementing and maintaining the environmental management system.

42. 4.3 Planning 4.3.3 Objectives & Targets The organization shall establish, implement and maintain documented environmental objectives and targets, at relevant functions and levels within the organization. The objectives and targets shall be measurable, where practicable, and consistent with the environmental policy, including the commitments to prevention of pollution, to compliance with applicable legal requirements and with other requirements to which the organization subscribes, and to continual improvement. When establishing and reviewing its objectives and targets, an organization shall take into account the legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes, and its significant environmental aspects, it shall also consider its technological options, its financial, operational and business requirements, and the views of interested parties.

43. 4.3 Planning 4.3.3 Programme(s) The creation and use of one or more programmes is important to the successful implementation of an Environmental Management System. This (These) programme(s) may be subdivided to address specific elements of the organization’s operations. The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a programme(s) for achieving its objectives and targets. Programme(s) shall include • designation of responsibility for achieving objectives and targets at relevant functions and levels of the organization, and • the means and time-frame by which they are to be achieved.

44. Implementation & Operation 4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness & Response Resources, Roles, Responsibility & Authority 4.4.1 4.4.2 Operational Control Training, Awareness & Competence 4.4.6 4.4.3 Document Control Communication 4.4.5 ES Documentation 4.4.4

45. 4.4 Implementation and Operation 4.4.1 Resources, Roles, Responsibility and Authority Management shall ensure the availability of resources essential to establish, implement, maintain and improve the environmental management system. Resources include human resources and specialized skills, organizational infrastructure, technology and financial resources. Roles, responsibilities and authorities shall be defined, documented and communicated in order to facilitate effective environmental management. The organization’s top management shall appoint a specific management representative(s) who, irrespective of other responsibilities, shall have defined roles responsibilities and authority for • ensuring that an environmental management system is establish, implemented and maintained in accordance with the requirements of this International Standard. • Reporting to top management on the performance of the environmental management system for review, including recommendations for improvement.

46. 4.4 Implementation and Operation 4.4.2 Competence, Training and Awareness The organization shall ensure that any person(s) performing tasks for it or on its behalf that have the potential to cause a significant environmental impact(s) identified by the organization is (are) competent on the basis of appropriate education, training or experience, and shall retain associated records. The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a procedure(s) to make persons working for it or on its behalf aware of • The importance of conformity with the environmental policy and procedures and with the requirements of the environmental management system. • The significant environmental aspects and related actual or potential impacts associated with their work, and the environmental benefits of improved personal performance. • Their roles and responsibilities in achieving conformity with the requirements of the environmental management system, and • The potential consequences of departure from specified procedures.

47. 4.4 Implementation and Operation 4.4.3 Communication With regard to its environmental aspects and environmental management system, the organization shall establish, implement and maintain a procedure(s) for • Internal communication among the various levels and functions of the organization. • Receiving, documenting and responding to relevant communication from external interested parties. The organization shall decide whether to communicate externally about its significant environmental aspects, and shall document its decision. If the decision to communicate, the organization shall establish and implement a method(s) for this external communication.

48. 4.4 Implementation and Operation 4.4.4 Documentation The environmental management system documentation shall include • The environmental policy , objectives and targets, • Description of the scope of the environmental management system, • Description of the main elements of the environmental management system and their interaction, and reference to related documents, • Documents, including records, required by this International Standard, and • Documents, including records, determined by the organization to be necessary to ensure the effective planning, operation and control of processes that relate to its significant environmental aspects.

49. LEVEL 1 MANUALS LEVEL 2 DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURES LEVEL 3 OPERATING PROCEDURES LEVEL 4 FORMATS EMS Documentation

50. 4.4 Implementation and Operation 4.4.5 Control of Documents Documents required by the environmental management system and by this International Standard shall be controlled. Records are a special type of document and shall be controlled in accordance with the requirements given in 4.5.4. The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a procedure(s) to • Approve documents for adequacy prior to issue, • Review and update as necessary and re-approve documents, • Ensure that changes and the current revision status of documents are identified, • Ensure that relevant versions of applicable documents are available at points of use, • Ensure that documents remain legible and readily identifiable, • Ensure that documents of external origin determined by the organization to be necessary for the and operation of the environmental management system are identified and their distribution controlled and • Prevent the unintended use of obsolete documents and apply suitable identification to them if they are retained for any purpose.