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Properties of Water

Properties of Water. Practice Quiz. Hydrogen (H) & Oxygen (O). 1. What two elements make up water?. 2. Write the chemical formula for water. H 2 O. 3. Is water an element, compound, or mixture?. Compound.

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Properties of Water

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  1. Properties of Water Practice Quiz

  2. Hydrogen (H) & Oxygen (O) 1. What two elements make up water? 2. Write the chemical formula for water. H2O 3. Is water an element, compound, or mixture? Compound

  3. A substance with two or more elements chemically combined in definite proportions. 4. Define the term compound. 5. What kind of chemical bond exists between a hydrogen and oxygen atom in a water molecule? A covalent bond

  4. 6. Draw a model of a water molecule. (+) (+) The parentheses mean ‘partial.’ (-) 7. Draw partial (+) and partial (-) charges on the water molecule you drew above. (-) δ + This symbol also means partial →

  5. 8. Which of the following molecules are polar? (-) (-) (-) (+) (+) (+) (-) (-) (+) carbon dioxide water ammonia (+) (+) (+) (+) (-) (-) (-) (+) (-) (-) (-) (+) (+) (+) (+) Hydrogen chloride formaldehyde methane

  6. 1 (-) The use of dashed lines show that hydrogen bonds are relatively weak. Hydrogen bond 9. Draw two water molecules and a hydrogen bond. 2 (+) 3 4 10. How many hydrogen bonds can a water molecule form with other water molecules? Four

  7. Cohesion B A 11. What term describes the attraction between molecules of the same substance? No 12. Without a hydrogen bond, when molecule A moves to the right, will it be able to drag molecule B along with it?

  8. 13. With a hydrogen bond between them, will molecule A be able to drag molecule B along with it? A B Yes

  9. 14. What are some examples of water cohesion? Surface tension Drops on a penny A proboscis keeps this bee at a safe distance Insect trapped in water

  10. 15. What are some examples where surface tension breaks down? “Scaring” pepper Bread clip motor boat

  11. Adhesion (+) 16. What term describes the attraction between molecules of different substances? (+) (+) (-) (+) (+) glass Water drop on glass slide

  12. The water will be attracted toward the rod 17. What will happen when a charged rod or balloon is brought up close to a stream of water?

  13. 18. What are some examples of water adhesion? A meniscus that water forms in a glass tube. Capillary action

  14. 19. What are some examples of anti-adhesion? Scotchgard ® carpet Wax-layer on leaves Water on wax paper Duck feathers repel water

  15. New: Researchers have made an omniphobic material that repels both water and oil. Nature has never made this type of material.

  16. 20. What is the term which describes the amount of heat energy needed to increase a substance’s temperature? Heat Capacity

  17. 21. Which substance in the chart is able to absorb the most heat for a given change in temperature? Water

  18. 22. Which substance in the chart is able to absorb the least amount of heat for a given change in temperature? Air

  19. 23. What example in the Properties of Water lab demonstrated a low heat capacity for air and a high heat capacity for water? Air-filled balloon Water-filled balloon

  20. 24. What is a mixture? A substance made up of elements or compounds that are combined but not chemically bonded together. 25. What are some examples of mixtures? Beef Onion Tomato Lettuce Cheese Ketchup Mustard bread copper zinc water sugar corn syrup CO2 caramel caffeine citric acid

  21. 26. What are two kinds of mixtures made with water? Solutions and suspensions 27. Compare solvent, solute, and solution. water Sugar cubes Sugar water solvent solution solute what does the dissolving what is being dissolved

  22. 28. Define a solution? A mixture in which the molecules of the mixed substances are evenly spread out. 29. Which substance(s) below dissolve in water? Magnesium sulfate oil iodine paraffin wax salt Non polar polar Non polar Non polar polar

  23. 30. What is a suspension? A mixture from which some of the nondissolved particles settle out slowly upon standing. 31. What some examples of suspensions? Paint Blood Chocolate milk

  24. When water breaks apart, what kind of ions are formed? Hydrogen (H+) ions and hydroxide (OH-) ions () + (-) 33. What does the pH scale indicate? It indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution.

  25. 34. What is the range of the pH scale? 0 to 14 What is the pH of a substance that has an equal number of H+ and OH- ions? 7 Substances with a pH below 7 are ________ while those above 7 are _________? Acids Bases

  26. 37. Acids have more ____ions than _____ ions? H+ OH- 38. The _______the pH, the greater the acidity. lower 39. _______ have more OH- ions than H+ions? Bases

  27. Place the 5 substances listed below on the scale to the right. Oven cleaner Soap Lemon juice Oven cleaner Human blood Pure water Human blood Soap Pure water Click for answer Lemon juice

  28. The pH in most cells in the human body must stay between _______ and______ ? 6.5 7.5 __________ are weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to stop sharp, sudden changes in pH. Buffers 43. Buffers play an important role in the process of ______________, where living things are able to maintain a stable, internal environment. homeostasis

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