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Inflamation

Inflamation. Inflamation. Damage to the body’s tissue triggers Inflammation. Inflammation has 4 cardinal signs Redness Pain Heat Swelling. Prostaglandins. Produced by injured or damaged cells Vasodiolation Vasopermability Chemotaxis for leukocytes Pain. Bradykinnin.

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Inflamation

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  1. Inflamation

  2. Inflamation • Damage to the body’s tissue triggers Inflammation. • Inflammation has 4 cardinal signs • Redness • Pain • Heat • Swelling

  3. Prostaglandins • Produced by injured or damaged cells • Vasodiolation • Vasopermability • Chemotaxis for leukocytes • Pain

  4. Bradykinnin • Found in blood plasma • Vasodiolation • Vasopermability • Smooth muscle contraction • Pain

  5. Histamine • Primarily produced by mass cells • Vasodiolation • Vasopermability • Constriction of smooth muscles • Induction of neutrophil receptors on Blood vessel walls • Increase in mucus production

  6. Phagocytosis • Adherence of antigen to long evaginations called pseudopodia • Ingestion of bacterium forms a phagosome inside the phagocyte. • A lysosme moves toward the phagosome. • Fusion of the phagosome with a lysosome forms a phagolysosome. • Lysosomal enzymes are released into the phagosome to digest ingested material.

  7. Phagocytosis • Formation of Residual body containing indigestible material • Discharge of Waste material

  8. Lysosome Contents • Hydrogen Peroxide • Oxygen free radicals • Lysozyme

  9. Fever • As phagocytes ingest bacteria they release a cytokine called Interleukin 1 (IL-1) into the tissue. • IL-1 is transferred by the blood to the hypothalamus • IL-1 induces the hypothalamus to produce and secrete prostaglandin. • In an autocrine reaction, the prostaglandin binds to the surface of the hypothalamus and signals the hypothalamus to increase body temperature.

  10. Fever (Cont) • Body thermostat is reset in the hypothalamus which result in the following. • Causes blood vessels to constrict • Induces shivering • Increases metabolism • Fever has the following effects on the body. • Increases the number of circulating Leukocytes. • Increases the production of Interferons inside cells • Inhibits microbial growth • Increases bodies ability to heal

  11. Fever (Cont) • Chill: • is a sign of body temperature rising. • the skin is cold and clammy because of constriction of the blood vessels • Shivering occurs • Crisis • Is a sign that body temperature is falling • Vasodiolation heats skin • sweating

  12. Aspirin • Acetylsalicylic acid blocks the manufacture of prostaglandins • Decrease body temperature caused by fever • Decreases pain • Anti-inflammatory

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