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Explore the early 19th-century American culture through cultural nationalism, education, religious movements, economic nationalism, and technological advancements. Encounter key figures and events that shaped the nation's identity and progress.
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The Early 19c: The Creation of an American Culture
Cultural Nationalism • Education The “Virtuous Citizen” • An American form of English • Noah Webster • Blue-backed Speller
American style of art develops Gilbert Stuart, Charles Wilson Peale, and John Trumball Cultural Nationalism
Cultural Nationalism • A well-defined American literature • Washington Irving, James Fenimore Cooper, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allen Poe, Parson Mason Weems The Sketch Book, 1819-20“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”
Cultural Nationalism Religious Movements: • Deism • Second “Great Awakening” • Charles Grandison Finney • Lyman Beecher
Charles G. Finney The ranges of tents, the fires, reflecting light…; the candles and lamps illuminating the encampment; hundreds moving to and fro…;the preaching, praying, singing, and shouting,… like the sound of many waters, was enough to swallow up all the powers of contemplation. “soul-shaking” conversion
Economic Nationalism • Encourage Creativity & Inventiveness. • Create a Transportation Infrastructure. • Create a Pro-Business Atmosphere. Role ofGovt. Jefferson’s Vision of America Hamilton’s Vision of America
The American System • Tariff of 1816 • Chartering of the Second Bank of the United States [BUS]. • Internal improvements at federal expense.-National Road Henry Clay,“The GreatCompromiser”
The American System • WEST got roads, canals, and federal aid • EAST got protective tariffs which promoted American manufacturing • All? got national bank to keep the system running smoothly by providing a national currency • SOUTH ??
Samuel Slater is known as the father of the American factory system. He was able to bring the technologhy to the U.S. that would aid the beginnings of the textile industry in New England. The Factory System
With an increase in manufacturing and the rise of the textile industry (first major industry in the U.S.) there was a need for a labor force. At Waltham and Lowell (MA) they began to use young, unmarried women who became known as “Lowell Girls.” The Factory System
Whitney’s Gun Factory Interchangeable Parts Rifle
Steel-tipped plow John Deere
First TurnpikeLancaster, PA(1790) By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected most major cities.
Conestoga Covered Wagons Conestoga Trail, 1820s
Robert Fulton & the Steamboat The Clermont
Erie Canal System • 1817 – 1825. • 363 miles Albany to Buffalo. • Much further than any other American • or European canal.