Related Conception ( 相关概念 )

1. Related Conception (相关概念) • 什么是名词？ 表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。 2. 名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分? The boy is Li Ming. Mr. Liang , a 24-year-old boy, teaches us English . 主语 表语 同位语 宾语

2. 什么是名词性从句? 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。 主语从句 ( The Subject Clause) 名词性从句 宾语从句 ( The Object Clause) 表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause) 同位语从句 ( The Appositive Clause)

3. He saidthat he had told Mary the fact. • Nobody knewwhether he could pass the exam. • I know who he is . • We are talking aboutwhether we admit students into our club. • I am sorry that I broke your cup.

4. Object Clauses 宾语从句

5. 一、宾语从句常见的类型： 动词的宾语从句 宾语从句 介词的宾语从句 形容词的宾语从句

6. 二、宾语从句的三种结构 1.主句+that+从句 2.主句+if/whether+从句 3.主句+what等疑问词+从句

7. 1.that引导的宾语从句 1) I hear that he will be back in a month. 2) Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. 3) I know nothing about him exceptthat he is living in Beijing. 4) We made it clear that we would not give in. 注意：1.and连接两个宾语, that引导的宾语从句 放在and 后时不能省略 2.当that作介词except, in等的宾语时 3.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时,例如： think, find, consider+ it+ that从句

8. 用that/what 填空 that 1) He answered_______ he was listening to me . 2) I don’t know ______ you said. 3) I told him ______ happened to me last night. 4) I don’t know ______ you are going to do. 5) He talked about the books ______ attracted him. 6) That is the day ______I'll never forget. what what what that that

9. 2. if/whether引导的宾语从句 合并句子 1、 Does he live in Beijing ? I doubt… I doubt if / whether he lives in Beijing. 2、 Is he from Japan? I don’t know I don’t know if / whether he is from Japan.

10. ▲后面有or not I don't know_________ or not you'll go.  He doesn't know _________ to visit that old man again. I'm interested in _______ he'll go or not. ______ he lives there, I want to know. We discuss _______ we should close the store. whether ▲后面跟不定式时 whether ▲宾从在介词后 whether ▲当宾语从句置于句首时 Whether ▲在动词discuss之后 whether

11. 3. what ,who, where, how, why, when等引导的宾语从句 who 1. He asked_____ could answer the question . 2. Do you know_________ we’ll have a meeting? 3. Please tell me _________he is . 4. Can you tell me _____ I can get to the station? 5. Could you tell me _____ the train is late? when/where where/who how why

12. 三、宾语从句的语序 主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分） 1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library . 2. What did he want to buy ? I don’t know what did he want to buy . I don’t know what he wanted to buy .

13. Is he a student? Who is he? Whose son is he? What does he do in the street? Why is he alone? If/whether he is a student. I don’t know _____________ who he is. whose son he is. what he does in…. why he is alone.

14. what, who在宾语从句中作主语时，语序不变： What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What has happened? Who is in the classroom? • A lot of people are gathering there, and I don’t know________. • 2)Can you tell me ________ ?

15. 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等， 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 I don’t think you are right. 我认为你是错的。

16. 四、宾语从句的时态 1)I know that he______( live) here . 2)Tom is upset now,and I am going to tell you what ____________ (happen)to him. lives has happened • 主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态， • 根据实际情况而定。

17. 1)He asked whether his father___________ (come)back tomorrow. 2)He said that he ________(see) it . would come had seen 2.如果主句是过去的时态,宾语从句必须用过去 的某一种时态

18. He told me the earth _______ (move)around the sun. moves 3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时， 仍用一般现在时。

19. was • The teacher told me she ____ (be)born in 1960. • I heard that he ____ (go)to Paris last night. went 4. 从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。

20. 注意： (should) not be 1. Mike insisted that we _________________ (be)late for school. 2. The doctor ordered that she _____________ ( stay) in bed for a few days. (should) stay

21. 注意： 在下列动词接that从句中用 “should+动原” 一个 “坚持”和“渴望”insist（坚持要） desire, 两个“命令” command, order (命令） 三个“建议” suggest, propose, advise 四个“要求” request, ask, demand, require

22. Practice Fill in the proper form of the words given will be • The radio says it _______ (be) cloudy tomorrow. • The headmaster hopes everything ______(go) well. • I heard they ____________ (return) it already. • Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the east. (rise) goes had returned rises

23. 1)Do you know wherenow? A.he lives B.does he live C.he lived D.did he live 2)I don’t know ______ he will come tomorrow. _______ he comes, I will tell you A.If；whether B.whether; whether C.if; That D.if; If Practice

24. 3）He says that if it ______ tomorrow, he _____ fishing. A. will rain, won't go B. rained, wasn't go C. rains, won't go D. rain, will go 4）Please tell me _______. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like

25. 5）We plan, if nothing goes wrong， ______ we will go out this weekend. A / B that C if D whether

26. that he has joined the army. 1.I hear____________________ (他参军了) 2. She askd me __________________ _______________.(我会不会接受她的道歉) 3. He asked _________________________________.（谁的书法是班上最好的） 4.We should be grateful for____________ . (我们所拥有的） if/whether I would accept her apology whose handwriting was the best in the class what we have/get

27. Summary: 一、宾语从句常见的类型 二、宾语从句的三种结构 1由从属连词that引导 2由从属连词whether, if引导 3由who,,whatwhere,how,why,when引导 三、宾语从句三要素 引导词（连接词） 语 序 时 态