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Hans Burchard 1 , Henk M. Schuttelaars 2 , an d Rockwell W. Geyer 3

Resi dual sediment fluxes in weakly-to-periodically stratified estuaries and tidal inlets* . Hans Burchard 1 , Henk M. Schuttelaars 2 , an d Rockwell W. Geyer 3 1. Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde , Germany 2. TU Delft, The Netherlands

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Hans Burchard 1 , Henk M. Schuttelaars 2 , an d Rockwell W. Geyer 3

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  1. Residual sediment fluxes in weakly-to-periodically stratified estuaries and tidal inlets* Hans Burchard1, Henk M. Schuttelaars2, and Rockwell W. Geyer3 1. Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Germany 2. TU Delft, The Netherlands 3. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, MA, USA *) J. Phys. Oceanogr., under review.

  2. Question: What are the processes driving residual sediment fluxes into the Wadden Sea? Velocity and sediment profile data from Spiekeroog 2011

  3. Longitudinal densitygradients & tidaloscillationsleadto: Tidalstraining Residual velocity Floodsediment Ebb sediment MacCready & Geyer (2010) after Jay & Musiak (1994)

  4. Observationsoftidal pumping Scully & Friedrichs (2007)

  5. Key non-dimensional numbers Horizontal buoyancygradient Waterdepth Bottomfrictionvelocityscale Simpson number Settlingvelocity Rousenumber

  6. Estuariesandtidalinlets

  7. Analytical solution of most simple setting: Stationary exhange flow with parabolic eddymixing

  8. Analytical solution of most simple setting: Sedimentfluxes in the Si – Ro parameter space landward Howdoesthiscomparetoasymmetrictidalforcing? seaward

  9. Approach = GOTM Define time scale for bottom sedimentpool: Te = Time neededtoemptybottompoolatmeanbed stress unlimitedbottompool limited bottompool nobottompool

  10. Effectof Si on bed stress

  11. Decompositionofsedimentflux transportflux fluctuationflux totalflux

  12. Tidallyaveragedprofiles unlimitedbottompool limited bottompool nobottompool

  13. Sedimentflux in parameterspace nobottompool unlimitedbottompool totalflux fluctuationflux transportflux

  14. Adding an M4tidalforcingcomponent Long flood-to-ebb transition Strongerflood Stronger ebb Shortflood-to-ebb transition

  15. Adding an M4tidalforcingcomponent Long flood-to-ebb transition Strongerflood Shortflood-to-ebb transition Stronger ebb

  16. Long flood-to-ebb transition Strongerflood Shortflood-to-ebb transition Stronger ebb

  17. Strongerflood Long flood-to-ebb transition Stronger ebb Shortflood-to-ebb transition

  18. Campaign in Lister Deep (April 2008) shoals Becherer et al. (GRL 2011)

  19. Campaign in Lister Deep (April 2008) Becherer et al. (GRL 2011)

  20. Campaign in Lister Deep (April 2008) d

  21. Conclusions for PACE • Classical picture of estuarine sedimenttransport: transportfluxdominates. • Observationsof Scully and Friedrichs indicateimportantroleoftidalpumping • (=fluctuationflux). • The presentstudysupportsthis. • Whenhighammountsofsedimentareavailable, thenfluctutionfluxis dominant. • The M4phasing (andprobablyotherhigherharmonics) determineswhether • netsedimentfluxislandwardorseaward. • Sincesedimentfluxdepends on so manyparameters, itmayactuallybe • unpredictable?

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