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Russian Revolution

Russian Revolution . small Marxist group wanted to change life in Russia leader = Vladimir Lenin goal = overthrow czar. The Bolsheviks. if czar was overthrown, industrial workers could govern Russia. Their vision:. Czar Nicholas II hoped war would unite Russia & stop talk of revolution

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Russian Revolution

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  1. Russian Revolution

  2. small Marxist group • wanted to change life in Russia • leader = Vladimir Lenin • goal = overthrow czar The Bolsheviks

  3. if czar was overthrown, industrial workers could govern Russia Their vision:

  4. Czar Nicholas II hoped war would unite Russia & stop talk of revolution • patriotism increased rapidly Russia & WWI

  5. Russia was not ready for war • Russia lacked: • factories/supplies • transportation system • modern equipment • competent military leaders Russia & WWI

  6. 1915 Nicholas II took command of Russian military • if Russia failed in WWI, so would Nicholas II Conditions Worsen

  7. food & other goods grew scarce • peasants grew desperate • Nicholas II went to war • left Czarina Alexandra in charge (unpopular) • Alexandra took advice from Grigory Rasputin (corrupt/immoral) Conditions Worsen

  8. March 8, 1917 Petrograd, Russia • unhappy citizens marched • the Duma (Russia’s legislature) defied Nicholas II • March 15, 1917 Nicholas II forced to abdicate Revolution Begins

  9. Duma established temporary government • many Russians didn’t like this government • Bolsheviks wanted basic changes • Lenin was still leader Temporary Government

  10. mid-1917 still fighting Central Powers in WWI • Russian army was weak & collapsed • November 1917  Bolshevik Red Guard attacked government and won Bolshevik Revolution

  11. Lenin established radical communist program • private ownership = illegal • land redistributed to peasants Bolshevik Revolution

  12. Lenin wanted to end involvement in war • Started negotiation with Central Powers • Russia lost much land to Central Powers because of lack of strong military After the Revolution

  13. some Russians disliked the negotiations & their results • opponents of Bolsheviks = “White Army” • army leaders • political opponents • wealthy Russians Civil War

  14. Red Army vs. White Army • late 1920  Bolsheviks triumph • 1921  New Economic Policy: plan permitting some capitalist activity Civil War Ends

  15. 1922 economy began to improve • 1922  Russia reunited with neighboring lands that had belonged to Russian Empire • became Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) or Soviet Union The Soviet Union

  16. Vladimir Lenin died in 1924 • Joseph Stalin outmaneuvered his rivals for control of the Bolshevik party • Once in power, he collectivized farming and had potential enemies executed or sent to forced labor camps. When did Stalin come into the picture in the USSR?

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