What are your responsibilities as a person / student / citizen?

1. What are your responsibilities as a person / student / citizen?

2. Analyze the organization and responsibilities of local and state governments in the United States federal system, including the role of state constitutions, the limitations on state governments, the typical organization of state governments, the relationship between state and local governments, and the major responsibilities of state governments. Evaluate limited government and unlimited government with regard to governance, including rule of law, the role of constitutions, civil rights, political freedom, economic freedom, and the ability of citizens to impact or influence the governing process. Analyze the institutional and organizational structure of government that allows it to carry out its purpose and function effectively, including the branches of government and legitimate bureaucratic institutions. Evaluate significant American historical documents in relation to the application of core principles (e.g., the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, the Ordinance of Nullification, the Seneca Falls Declaration, the Emancipation Proclamation, Martin Luther King Jr.’s “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”), the eleventh through the twenty seventh amendments to the Constitution, and critical Supreme Court cases.

3. At what point does “free speech” endanger others? At what point does a “right” endanger others? (right to privacy). What is “government’s responsibility?

4. Introduction to Computer Science (I) Introduction

5. Information Technology in Our Lives • Digital Convergence • Converting whatever we can in the physical and communications world to binary on/off signals, called bits • Text • Voice • Picture • Movie

6. At Home • Email, Internet shopping, virtual museum, banking transactions, news • Small computers in VCRs, automobiles, air-conditioning systems, washing machines,

7. At Play • Group chatting, games, songs and movies from Internet

8. People used the internet to get these three high school students to join ISIS. What if they were your friends / family / sister? What is government’s responsibility?

9. Are laws different? • Can you buy a cell phone from China? • What “if” it was “unsafe for use?” Like the battery blows up? • Who is responsible for that? What if you got hurt? • Should government protect you?

10. At Work • Mobile worker • Office software, Database, ERP, SCM, CRM

11. What if? • What if you work at a company? • What if your work computer is hooked to the internet? • What “if” someone wanted to know “what you were doing?”

12. Who would be interested in a list of Saudi Citizens in the US?

13. Now you are out of high school. You are working a job in Barnwell. Part of you job is using a list of people that live in Barnwell, some of whom “might” work at Savanah River Site. You have access to names, addresses, and phone numbers. Who might want that information? What is government responsibility? What should you do?

14. At School or College • Computer-based courses, distance learning

15. 1975: Microsoft and Bill Gates • Bill gates and Paul Allen formed Microsoft Corporation, now the largest and most influential software company in the world Source: http://archive.computerhistory.org/

16. 1976: The Apple I • Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, along with Ronald G. Wayne formed the Apple Computer Company Source: http://apple.computerhistory.org/stories

17. 1981: The IBM PC • IBM tossed its hat into the personal computer ring with its announcement of the IBM Personal Computer Image courtesy of Computer History Museum, http://www.computerhistory.org

18. 1984: The Macintosh and Graphical User Interfaces • Apple Computer introduced the Macintosh desktop computer with a very friendly graphical user interface Source: http://archive.computerhistory.org/

19. 1985-Present: Microsoft Windows • Microsoft introduced Windows, a GUI for IBM PC-compatible computers in 1985 Image courtesy of Computer History Museum, http://www.computerhistory.org

20. 1989: The World Wide Web • Berners-Lee and a small team of scientists conceived HTML (the language of the Internet), URLs (Internet addresses), and put up the first server supporting the neq World Wide Web format Image courtesy of Computer History Museum, http://www.computerhistory.org

21. 1993: The Internet Browser • The development in 1993 of the graphical browser Mosaic by Marc Andreesen and his team at the National Center For Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) made the web accessible to everyone. • Marc Andreesen and entrepreneur Jim Clark founded Netscape in 1994 to create a web browser based on the Mosaic project. Image courtesy of Computer History Museum, http://www.computerhistory.org

22. 1996: The Handheld Computer • The PalmPilot handheld computer was introduced by Palm Computing, Inc. Image courtesy of Computer History Museum, http://www.computerhistory.org

23. Problem Transformation into Calculations • Many real problems can be transformed into calculations. Then, these calculations can be conducted in computers. • Examples: Image processing, optimization, ciphering and deciphering, simulations in dynamic systems

24. Personal Computers to Supercomputers • Personal Computer (PC) • Desktop PC

25. Notebook PC

26. Tablet PC

27. Wearable PC Source: http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/publicfeature/oct00/wear.html

28. Handheld Computer

29. Workstation • To visualize and solve complex, technical problems.

30. Server Computers • Applications in business financial, customer management solutions, decision support data warehouse, e-commerce, and enterprise resource planning

31. Supercomputer • In a six-game match, a chess-playing IBM computer known as Deep Blue defeats chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov - the first time a reigning world champion loses a match to a computer opponent in tournament play. Deep Blue is an IBM RS/6000 SP supercomputer capable of calculating 200 million chess positions per second. Source: http://www-1.ibm.com/ibm/history/history/year_1997.html

32. Information Systems • Data processing systems • Transaction handling, record keeping • Primarily for clerical personnel and operational-level managers Source: http://www.lockheedmartin.com

33. Artificial intelligence • Expert systems, simulation of human sensory capabilities, neural networks, intelligent agents, robots and robotics Source: http://asimo.honda.com/index.asp

34. Can machines kill people? (really?) Is it possible? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9CO6M2HsoIA

35. What? • Who get to decide who is bad? • Was it real? • Well robots don’t kill people. Right?

36. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqfUTe1eVOI

37. Virtual reality • Combines computer graphics with special hardware to immerse users in an artificial three-dimensional world Source: http://human-factors.arc.nasa.gov

38. References • A Short History of Computing • Tim Bergin, Computing History Museum American University, http://www.computinghistorymuseum.org/ • Computer History Museum • http://www.computerhistory.org • Computers • Larry Long & Nancy Long, Twelfth Edition, Pearson Education, Inc. • http://archive.computerhistory.org/

39. Digital Society, Ethics, and Globalization

40. Objectives • Describe how technology is affecting the definition of community, and list some physical and mental health dangers associated with excessive computer use • Describe the negative and positive impact of technology on freedom of speech, and list forms of speech and expression that are censored on the Web

41. Objectives • Explain the ways in which technology is used to invade personal privacy, and provide examples of laws that protect citizens from privacy invasion • List ethical issues related to digital technology that confront individuals in personal and professional life, businesses, and governments • Explain what globalization is, what forces are behind it, and how it is affecting the United States and other nations

42. Chapter Content • Living Online • Freedom of Speech • Privacy Issues • Ethics and Social Responsibility • Globalization

43. Introduction • Digital technologies have changed our lives • Communication • Access to information • Commerce • Work environments • Leisure • These changes have benefits, but they also have costs

44. Living Online • Virtual space • An environment that exists in the mind rather than in physical space • People find virtual space • In a daydream • In a book • In a movie • On a cell phone • On the Internet

45. Computers and Community • Flash mob • Group of people who assemble suddenly in a public place, do something unusual, and then disperse • Participants are given precise instructions by e-mail and text messaging on where to meet, how to act, and what to say if questioned • Virtual communities and “Anywhere, anytime” communications • Spontaneous social mechanism • Courtesy and etiquette • Social Web sites

46. Computers and Community

47. Computers and Community

48. Health Issues: Keeping a Balance • Physical health concerns • Repetitive stress injury (RSI) • Injury such as tendonitis and tennis elbow, caused by a repetitive motion • “Blackberry thumb” • Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) • Aggravation of the pathway for nerves that travel through the wrist (the carpal tunnel) • Typically caused by long hours at the computer keyboard • Vision problems

49. Health Issues: Keeping a Balance

50. Health Issues: Keeping a Balance • Internet addiction • compulsive use of the Internet that interferes with normal daily life and relationships • May exist if people are online for long periods of time • Cannot control their online usage • Jeopardize their career or family life from excessive Internet usage • Lie to family, friends, and coworkers about Internet usage • Category • E-shopping addiction • Compulsive gambling • Gambling is one of the Internet’s biggest businesses • Internet is easier than getting to the casino • social networking addictions • Information overload and stress • Working with computers can lead to fears • Job insecurity, loss of control, incompetence, demotion