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A report on Motherboard

A report on Motherboard. What is Motherboard?. The motherboard is the main circuit board inside the PC. Every components at some point communicates through the motherboard, either by directly plugging into it or by communicating through one of the motherboards ports.

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A report on Motherboard

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  1. A report on Motherboard

  2. What is Motherboard? • The motherboard is the main circuit board inside the PC. • Every components at some point communicates through the motherboard, either by directly plugging into it or by communicating through one of the motherboards ports. • The motherboard is one big communication highway. • Its purpose inside your PC is to provide a platform for all the other components and peripherals to talk to each other.

  3. Types of Motherboard • The type of motherboards depends on the CPU it was designed for. • You can therefore categories motherboards by which socket type they have. e.g. Socket A, Socket 478 etc. • The Type of motherboard you buy is very important, as it will need to house your CPU, and they are not interchangeable. • When buying a motherboard, it will always tell you what socket type it has, and it is necessary for further usage.

  4. Features of Motherboard • Form Factor • Chipsets • Sockets and CPUs • Bus Speed • Memory and Other Features

  5. Form Factor • The shape and layout of a motherboard is called the form factor. • The form factor affects where individual components go and the shape of the computer's case. • There are several specific form factors that most PC motherboards use so that they can all fit in standard cases.

  6. Chipsets • A motherboard chipset controls all the data that flows through the data channels (buses) of the motherboard. • The primary function of the motherboard chipset is to direct this data to the correct area's of the motherboard, and therefore the correct components. • On a PC, it consists of two basic parts -- the northbridge and the southbridge.

  7. Internal connections

  8. Sockets and CPUs • The faster the processor or CPUs, the faster the computer can think. • In the early days of PC computers, all processors had the same set of pins that would connect the CPU to the motherboard, called the Pin Grid Array (PGA). These pins fit into a socket layout called Socket 7. This meant that any processor would fit into any motherboard. • Today, however, CPU manufacturers Intel and AMD use a variety of PGAs, none of which fit into Socket 7. As microprocessors advance, they need more and more pins, both to handle new features and to provide more and more power to the chip.

  9. Bus Speed • A bus is simply a circuit that connects one part of the motherboard to another. • The more data a bus can handle at one time, the faster it allows information to travel. • The speed of the bus, measured in megahertz (MHz), refers to how much data can move across the bus simultaneously.

  10. Components of a Motherboard • The motherboard contains many connections for all type of components. • Motherboards contain expansion slots such as the IDE, PCI, AGP and DIMM sockets. • It also contains external connections for your onboard sound card, USB ports, Serial and Parallel ports, PS/2 ports for your keyboard and mouse as well as network and Fire wire connections.

  11. Structure of Motherboard

  12. Common connectors of Motherboard • CPU (central processing unit) OR microprocessor • RAM (random access memory) • Hard drive • CD-ROM drive • Floppy drive • Rare panel connectors • Keyboard and Mouse connector • USB connector • VGA port • Parallel Port • Audio out jack • Microphone jack • Line in jack

  13. CPU (central processing unit) OR microprocessor • The CPU (Central Processing Unit, also called the microprocessor) is where all the calculations take place in the PC. • CPUs will be either PGA (Pin Grid Array) or LGA (Land Grid Array).

  14. RAM (random access memory) • RAM (Random Access Memory) is where the CPU stores programs and data that it is currently using. • RAM is measured in units called "bytes“ and "megabytes.“ • An average PC will usually have anywhere from 16 megabytes up to 512 megabytes of RAM.

  15. Hard drive • Hard drives store programs and data that are not currently being used by the CPU. • The capacity of a single hard drive can vary from as low as 10 megabytes (very old systems) up to 20, 40, or more gigabytes. • There are two common types of hard drives: IDE and SCSI

  16. CD-ROM drive • CD-ROM drives enable the system to access CD-ROM disks. CD-ROM drives are quite large, usually the single largest component inside the PC. • They are connected with an IDE cable to an IDE controller.

  17. Floppy drive • The floppy drive enables you to access floppy diskettes. There are two types of floppy drives, a 3.5" and a 5.25." The 5.25" drive is completely obsolete but is still encountered on older PCs. • A PC can support up to two floppy drives.

  18. Rare panel connections of Motherboard

  19. “ Thank you ”

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