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Extracting Monomers

Extracting Monomers. Crude oil extracted from the ground is complex and full of a variety of hydrocarbon structure. Crude oil refineries sort the different hydrocarbons by size, structure, and weight. Large hydrocarbons can be broken down into more useful “pieces.”.

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Extracting Monomers

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  1. Extracting Monomers Crude oil extracted from the ground is complex and full of a variety of hydrocarbon structure. Crude oil refineries sort the different hydrocarbons by size, structure, and weight. Large hydrocarbons can be broken down into more useful “pieces.”

  2. Examples of HCs in Crude Oil All of these are hydrocarbons, bonded together in various structures. Which of these can you name?

  3. How important is oil to our economy? Top 10 Companies worldwide: Exxon Mobil Wal-Mart Stores Royal Dutch Shell BP General Motors Chevron DaimlerChrysler Toyota Motor Ford Motor ConocoPhillips How many are oil companies? What do the others sell?

  4. What’s in our gas prices?

  5. What are “polymers”? A polymer is a large molecule that is created when monomers are joined together. A monomer is a single unit that is used to build a polymer. Polymers may be naturally occurring or man-made (synthetic).

  6. Polymerization

  7. Straight Chained Polymer (made up of one type of monomer) Spaghetti-like structure of straight chain polymers. Coils lead to entanglement (stiffness).

  8. Branched Chain Polymer Branching reduces the density and increases the flexibility of a polymer.

  9. Branching creates more flexibility; less rigid plastic Low density polyethylene has more branches, so it cannot be packed as closely as in linear, high density polyethylene.

  10. Cross Linked Polymers Cross-linking increases stiffness and strength of a polymer.

  11. Vulcanizing Rubber to make it more flexible, tougher and temperature resistant and involves adding Sulfur atoms to create cross-links.

  12. Properties of Polymers • Properties are determined by the structure of the molecules and depend on: -type of monomers used -chain length -branching -degree of cross-linking

  13. Branching and Cross-links affect strength DIRECTION OF INCREASING STRENGTH

  14. Polymer Structure Branched, Cross-linked or Linear?

  15. Natural and Synthetic Polymers

  16. Some Natural Polymers in Food… natural polymers Gelatin in gummi worms and gummi bears are made from natural polymers! Bubble gum contains styrene butadiene rubber! Carbohydrates (starches) and proteins are examples of natural polymers!

  17. Polymers are everywhere!!! Polymers at the movies…. Nylon carpet, polyester and acrylic seats, polyester curtains, nylon screen, polyester film strip, waxy polyethylene popcorn tub, starch in popcorn, polystyrene cups, plastic M&M bag, protein in hotdogs, gelatin in gummy bears, paraffin in Junior Mints, sticky stuff on the floor made of soda, butter, Skittles, Milk Duds and more…

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