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North Africa. People and Dances. North Africa and Mediterranean. El Maghrib (The Islamic West). Ancient History . Settlement by Phoenicians from the 10 th century BCE : Carthage (Gades in Spain) Greek presence from 6 th century BCE; intermarriage with local “Libyans” but distinct culture
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North Africa People and Dances
Ancient History • Settlement by Phoenicians from the 10th century BCE : Carthage (Gades in Spain) • Greek presence from 6th century BCE; intermarriage with local “Libyans” but distinct culture • Roman domination from 2nd century BCE onward • Invasion by Visigoths and other late Roman presences in 5th century BCE • Longstanding distinct Jewish presence • Islamicized in 7th century BCE • Berber population only nominally Islamic
Berbers Ancient origins Not Arabic speakers Culturally distinct from Arab world but must fit in with it Both nomads and farmers
Focus on: Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya French influence French colonial domination in 19th and early 20th centuries Sahara desert and desert nomads: Tuareg and Berber Kabyle peoples – from the mountains
or not ... Orientalizing ...
Presentation of women as exotic others in Western travel images Malik Alloula, The Colonial Harem
Many images showed women minus key elements of their clothing, and had a frankly sexual quality Eastern women as “owned” by the Western, male gaze
Depiction of Ouled Nail in Art Tribal site