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Understanding Cell Division and Growth

Explore the importance of mitosis and cytokinesis in cell growth, replication, and repair. Learn about the phases, processes, and key molecules involved in cellular division. Discover how cancer and genetic mutations affect cell division control.

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Understanding Cell Division and Growth

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  1. CHAPTER 8 VOCAB

  2. Type of cell division used by organisms to grow bigger, repair injuries, and replace worn out cells. Condition in which a cell has grown so large its DNA is unable to keep up with the demand for information mitosis DNA Overload

  3. chromatids 2 identical arms that make up a chromosome 2 matching chromosomes that are the same size, same shape, and carry genes for the same traits. HOMOLOGOUS

  4. cyclins Molecules that control the cell Spot in the center of a chromosome that holds the chromatid arms together centromere

  5. Phase of mitosis in which two nuclei are visible, the nucleus returns, spindle fibers disappear, and DNA spreads out as chromatin telophase Pinched in place in an animal cellmembrane during cytokinesis Cleavage furrow

  6. Type of nuclear division that produces 2 daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell mitosis Type of division used by bacteria to reproduce Binary fission

  7. Phase in which the cytoplasm issplit between the 2 daughter cells cytokinesis 1st phase of mitosis in which thenucleus disappears and centrioles and spindle fibers appear. prophase

  8. Disease in which body cells lose their ability to control cell division cancer Repeating sequence of events that cells go through during their lifetime Cell cycle

  9. mitosis Phase in which the nucleus divides Phase in which cells grow and matureand where they spend most of their life G1

  10. Area next to the nucleus in which the centrioles are found that organizes the formation of the spindle centrosomes Substance that causes cancer carcinogen

  11. Phase in which the chromosomesline up in the middle of the cell metaphase Phase in which cells make the molecules and organelles needed forcell division G2

  12. S or SYNTHESIS Phase in which the DNA is copied Phase in which cells leave the cycle and stop dividing all together G0

  13. anaphase Phase in which chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell Fibers made of microtubules whichpull the chromosomes apart duringcell division Spindle fibers

  14. Dividing wall that forms during cytokinesis in a plant cell to separate the 2 daughter cells Cell plate DNA that is spread out in the nucleusof a non-dividing cell chromatin

  15. DNA that is scrunched up into bundles in a dividing cell chromosomes Dark spot in the nucleus of a cell that makes ribosomes nucleolus

  16. Process by which a normal cellbecomes a cancer cell transformation Substance that can damage DNAand cause cancer carcinogen

  17. Enzyme that replaces the protective telomeres on the ends of chromosomes telomerase The shut down of cell division incells when they touch neighboringcells Contact inhibition

  18. Spread of cancer cells to a newplace in the body metastasis Protective ends on the tips ofchromosomes telomeres

  19. The requirement that dividing cellsneed to be attached to a surface in order to divide Anchorage dependence Gene that turns on DNA repair and apoptosis genes and controls the passage of cells into cell division which is often mutated in cancer cells p53

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