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Class 13b: Soils (pedology)

Explore the world beneath our feet with a guide to soil components, formation processes, and classification methods. Discover how temperature, moisture, color, texture, and structure influence soil properties and functions. Learn about soil-water balance, profiles, classification systems, and the impact of soil degradation.

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Class 13b: Soils (pedology)

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  1. Class 13b: Soils (pedology)

  2. What is soil? • Not just dirt

  3. Soil components • Parent material: • Temperature and moisture

  4. Soil formation • Bedrock breaks apart into regolith

  5. Classifying soils: color • Color tells you about chemistry

  6. Classifying soils: texture • Size, organization of particles

  7. Classifying soils: texture

  8. Classifying soils: structure • Arrangement of soil particles

  9. Classifying soils: structure • Porosity: • Permeability:

  10. Soil moisture

  11. Soil-water balance • Warmer temperatures: higher ET • Higher precipitation: higher percolation

  12. Soil profiles

  13. Soil classification • More complicated than climate

  14. Entisols • Relativey new: most recent soils

  15. Oxisols • Old soils; minerals except oxides leached out

  16. Aridisols • Found in arid environments

  17. Mollisols • Most productive soil

  18. Alfisols • Significant aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe)

  19. Spodosols • Most acidic soil; minerals leached to lower horizon

  20. Soil degradation • Forms in 500 years, but can disappear in one

  21. Soil degradation

  22. Soil degradation • Salinization: salty soil

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