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Bones and Muscles: The Human Skeletal and Muscular Systems

Explore the skeletal system's 206 bones, including the femur, tibia, fibula, and foot bones, and learn about muscle structure and function, with over 600 muscles in the body. Discover how bones produce blood cells and store minerals, while muscles allow movement and support.

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Bones and Muscles: The Human Skeletal and Muscular Systems

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  1. SKELETAL SYSTEM 206 bones combination of collagen and calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and sodium. calcium and phosphorus are the most important minerals for strong bones. About 99% of the calcium and 85% of the phosphorus in the body is found in the bones and teeth BONES producered and white blood cells, store minerals

  2. Bones of the Leg Femur – long bone above knee Tibia – larger bone below knee (anklebone on big toe side of foot) Fibula – smaller bone below knee (anklebone on little toe side of foot) Patella – kneecap

  3. Bones of the Foot Ankle joint – composed of tibia, fibula, and talus (anklebone) Tarsal – bones of the ankle (7) Metatarsal – like metacarpal bones of the hand (5) Toe phalanges – bones of the toes (14 in each foot)

  4. Bones of the Foot

  5. Muscular System Myology – the study of the structure, function, and diseases of the muscles (fibrous tissues with the ability to stretch and contract). The human body has over 600 muscles responsible for 40 percent of the body’s weight.

  6. Muscular Tissue Striated muscles – skeletal muscles Nonstriated muscles – smooth muscles Cardiac muscle – the heart

  7. Muscle Parts Origin – where muscle is attached to an immovable section of the skeleton Insertion – the portion of the muscle at the movable attachment Belly – the middle of the muscle Pressure in massage is usually directed from the insertion to the origin.

  8. Stimulation of Muscles Massage Electric current Light rays Heat rays Moist heat Nerve impulses Chemicals

  9. Epicranius or occipitofrontalis – covers top of skull Occipitalis– back part of scalp Scalp Muscles • Frontalis– front part of scalp; raises eyebrows • Epicranial aponeurosis– connects occipitalis and frontalis

  10. Neck Muscles Platysma – extends from chest and shoulder muscle to side of chin; lowers jaw and lip Sternocleidomastoideus– lowers and rotates the head

  11. Muscles of the Ear Auricularis superior– draws ear upward Auricularis anterior – draws ear forward Auricularis posterior – draws ear backward

  12. Muscles of Mastication (chewing)

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