Human Geography of North Africa

1. Human Geography of North Africa Ch. 15.2

2. Video Questions • 1. Why is the speaker convinced that the revolution will be effective? • 2. How was social media used to organize the protests? • 3. How did the government eventually respond to the threat posed to it by social media?

3. Answers to video • 1. He is convinced that people supporting the revolution believe in their dream and are passionate about ending government oppression. • 2. Organizers posted the dates and locations of protests on social media sites. Hundreds of thousands of social media users could follow the protest movement and learn about the protests. People who had never met in person coordinated the protests using the sites. • 3. The government eventually prevented Egyptians from accessing Facebook. This indicates that the government saw Facebook as a threat.

4. Human Geography of North Africa • History and Government • Invasions of Arab armies influenced the cultures of North Africa and spread the Muslim religion. • Muslims and Jews fleeing the Inquisition infused Morocco with Spanish culture in the 1400s. • The Ottoman Empire ruled North Africa until the end of World War I in 1918, after which European colonial powers exerted control. • An educated middle class developed feelings of nationalism that provided the basis for the countries that later declared independence.

5. The Egyptian civilization flourished along the Nile River and used irrigation for farming the fertile soil.

6. The Egyptians developed a calendar with a 365-day year, built impressive pyramids as tombs for their rulers, and invented hieroglyphics for writing.

7. Invasions of Arab armies influenced the cultures of North Africa and spread the Muslim religion

8. Muslims and Jews fleeing the Inquisition infused Morocco with Spanish culture in the 1400s.

9. The Ottoman Empire ruled North Africa until the end of World War I in 1918, after which European colonial powers exerted control.

10. An educated middle class developed feelings of nationalism that provided the basis for the countries that later declared independence.

11. Independence By the 1960s most territories in North Africa and Southwest Asia had gained independence.

13. Human Geography of North Africa • Population Patterns • The area is a mix of Arab cultures with indigenous non-Arab populations like the Berbers, a nomadic group of farmers who move from place to place with herds of animals. • The availability of water greatly influenced settlement, with most people living along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts and the Nile River valley. • Emigration rates are high due to greater employment opportunities in other countries and continents.

14. The area is a mix of Arab cultures with indigenous non-Arab populations like the Berbers, a nomadic group of farmers who move from place to place with herds of animals.

15. The availability of water greatly influenced settlement, with most people living along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts and the Nile River valley.

16. Emigration rates are high due to greater employment opportunities in other countries and continents.

17. Human Geography of North Africa • Society and Culture Today • The Muslim religion is the dominant faith. • Arabic is the dominant language in the region, with French used in some areas as a result of colonization. • Class status influences family size, with upper-class families having fewer children than lower-class families. • Human rights are often stifled, with women not permitted to work freely.

18. The Muslim religion is the dominant faith.

19. Arabic is the dominant language in the region, with French used in some areas as a result of colonization.

20. Class status influences family size, with upper-class families having fewer children than lower-class families.

21. Human rights are often stifled, with women not permitted to work freely.

22. Human Geography of North Africa • Economic Activities • Economic output varies greatly in the region, with oil and natural gas as the biggest exports. • Agriculture is important in areas with a Mediterranean climate, while fishing is important along waterways. • Despite some economic progress, North Africa suffers from political instability, high unemployment, and poverty.

23. Economic output varies greatly in the region, with oil and natural gas as the biggest exports.

27. Agriculture is important in areas with a Mediterranean climate, while fishing is important along waterways.

28. Despite some economic progress, North Africa suffers from political instability, high unemployment, and poverty.