1 / 31

MET 3003

MET 3003. http://vortex.ihrc.fiu.edu/MET3003/MET3003.htm. Ping Zhu, 305-348-7096 MARC 367, zhup@fiu.edu. Meteorology. Meteorology: from Greek, meteoron ( high in the sky ) + logos ( knowledge ) Founded by Aristotle , 340 BC

bianca
Download Presentation

MET 3003

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. MET 3003 http://vortex.ihrc.fiu.edu/MET3003/MET3003.htm Ping Zhu, 305-348-7096 MARC 367, zhup@fiu.edu

  2. Meteorology • Meteorology: from Greek, meteoron (high in the sky) + logos (knowledge) • Founded by Aristotle, 340 BC • Usually considered the scientific study of Atmospheric phenomena, especially daily weather

  3. Fields Within Meteorology • Physical meteorology: Studies of radiation, structure & composition, clouds & precipitation, atmospheric electricity, …, but generally not weather.

  4. Synoptic Meteorology: Day-to-day weather and forecasting. Divided into Tropical Meteorology and Extratropical (mid-latitude) Meteorology Tropical Cyclone (Hurricane) Extratropical Cyclone

  5. Dynamic meteorology employs analytical approaches based upon fluid dynamics to explain and describe the motions of atmosphere that produce the weather, and eventually the climate. • Dynamic Meteorology: describe atmospheric motions and their solutions. e.g., atmospheric wave theory

  6. A typical weather map for a day in late December • Climate: “average” weather, but the average doesn’t stay steady. I.e. Ice ages, El Niño, etc. Mean percentage of possible sunshine in November

  7. Weather impact on daily lives Hurricane Charley August 13, 2004 Winter Rains Trigger Mudslides in California 2005 A Blizzard in Boston 2005

  8. Number of events that occurred each year and the damage amounts in BD

  9. What kinds of people become meteorologists? • Weather enthusiasts • Mathematicians and computer nerds • Journeymen • More diverse work-force nowadays

  10. Who hires meteorologists? • National Weather Service (NWS/NOAA) • Universities • Research labs (DOE, NASA) • Military • Broadcasting • Industry & Consulting

  11. On west side of FIU Campus: Miami Forecast Office National Hurricane Center NOAA-National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, parent agency of NWS

  12. Scientific Method • The natural world behaves in a consistent and predictable way that can be understood through systematic study. • Observations • Lab experiments • Mathematics • Numerical studies

  13. Automated Surface Observing System ASOS 1997-12-31, SGP Time Spd Dir Tmp Rh Vap Press Precip 22.000 8.9600 339.7000 6.0190 49.2200 0.4600 98.3590 0 22.500 8.1500 348.0000 5.2890 52.1000 0.4630 98.4140 0 23.000 8.7000 354.0000 5.1290 50.3200 0.4430 98.4690 0 23.500 6.3110 349.5000 4.1570 54.9300 0.4510 98.5340 0 0.0000 4.8530 333.3000 3.2030 59.7300 0.4590 98.5990 0 0.5000 4.3510 338.9000 2.3120 64.3100 0.4640 98.6540 0 1.0000 3.9980 315.1000 1.1930 72.8000 0.4840 98.7020 0 1.5000 4.4010 314.1000 0.9850 74.6000 0.4890 98.7500 0 2.0000 4.3040 304.2000 0.2270 78.3000 0.4840 98.7780 0 2.5000 3.9480 298.7000 0.2370 78.9000 0.4890 98.8010 0 Time:LST; Spd: m/s; Dir: deg; Tmp: C; Rh: % Vap: Kpa; Press: Kpa; Precip: mm

  14. Radiosondes Exploring the Atmosphere Using Balloons Press(hPa) 980.8000 979.2000 978.2000 977.1000 975.7000 974.0000 972.5000 971.2000 969.8000 968.6000 967.4000 966.3000 Height(m) 315 328 337 346 358 373 385 396 408 418 429 438 Spd(m/s) 6.3000 6.5000 6.7000 6.9000 7.1000 7.3000 7.5000 7.7000 7.9000 8.0000 8.2000 8.4000 Dir(deg) 30 28 27 25 24 22 21 20 19 18 17 17 Tmp (c) 7.8000 7.6000 7.5000 7.4000 7.3000 7.2000 7.1000 7.0000 6.9000 6.8000 6.6000 6.6000 Rh(%) 71 68 68 68 68 67 67 67 67 67 68 68 Dew Point (c) 2.8000 2.0000 1.9000 1.9000 1.9000 1.5000 1.3000 1.3000 1.3000 1.2000 1.1000 1.1000

  15. Worldwide radiosonde launch sites

  16. Satellite Observation Satellite view of a severe winter storm sweeping across Europe on Dec. 16, 01

  17. Monitoring Earth from Space Rainfall in Malaysia Hurricane Dennis

  18. Radar Imaging

  19. Doppler radar

  20. Lab experiment Wind tunnel Wall of Wind

  21. Theoretical Study Numerical Simulation NCAR supercomputer

  22. Earth System Four “Spheres” in the Earth System: Geosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere

  23. Atmosphere • -- gaseous envelope, producing weather, ~100 km in depth • Geosphere or Lithosphere—Rock • 6371 km radius • Core, Mantle, Crust Jets Fly with 2/3 of the Atmosphere below Them

  24. Hydrosphere • -- Water covers 71% of surface. average depth 3.8 km Shorelines - Interface between Land and Water

  25. Water vapor: half of the atmosphere's natural greenhouse effect. Clouds: 30% of atmosphere's natural thermal radiation, and reflect half of the solar radiation. Evaporation: half of the cooling of the surface. Water: altering surface's albedo through the form of snow, ice, and fostering vegetation cover on land. The Hydrological Cycle The amount of water moved through the hydrologic system every year is equivalent to about 1-m depth of water spread over the earth's surface. About one-third of the precipitation that falls on land is the water that was evaporated from ocean and transported to the land by air motion. The amount of water in the atmosphere is equivalent to 0.025m of water spread over the earth's surface.

  26. Biosphere-- includes all life on Earth All Parts of the Earth-System Are Linked

  27. Systems A group of interacting parts (components) that form a complex whole. • Open System: Energy and Matter can be exchanged between systems • Closed System: Exchange of Matter greatly restricted, but may allow exchange of energy • Isolated System: No Energy or Matter can be transferred in or out of the system

  28. Feedback • Processes in one system influences processes in another interconnected system by exchange of matter and energy. The exchange is called feedback. • Positive Feedback: Change in one system causes similar change in the other system. Can cause runaway instability • Negative Feedback means positive change in one system causes negative change in the other

  29. Positive feedback Example: water vapor feedback

  30. Example: cloud cover feedback Low cloud High cloud Strong effect on solar radiation budget Strong effect on terrestrial radiation budget

  31. Be sure you understand how the course will be organized and run Know the definition of Meteorology and what its principal subfields are. Understand the scientific method. Know definitions of System, Open and Closed system, and Positive and NegativeFeedbacks Know the definitions of the various “spheres” in the Earth System Summary

More Related