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REPORTED SPEECH

REPORTED SPEECH. REPORTED SPEECH(INDIRECT SP.). Indirect Speech (also referred to as 'reported speech') refers to a sentence reporting what someone has said. It is almost always used in spoken English.

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REPORTED SPEECH

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  1. REPORTED SPEECH

  2. REPORTED SPEECH(INDIRECT SP.) • Indirect Speech (also referred to as 'reported speech') refers to a sentence reporting what someone has said. It is almost always used in spoken English. • If the reporting verb (i.e. said) is in the past, the reported clause will be in a past form. This form is usually one step back into the past from the original.

  3. He said, "I live in Paris.“ present simple • He said he lived in Paris. • He said, "I am cooking dinner." present con. • He said he was cooking dinner. • He said, "I have visted London twice.present perfect • He said he had visited London twice. • He said, "I went to New York last week.“past simple .. He said he had gone to New York the week before. • He said, "I had already eaten." past perfect • He said he had already eaten • He said, "I am going to find a new job.“going to future • He said he was going to find a new job. • He said, "I will give Jack a call." simple future • He said he would give Jack a call.

  4. EXAPLES • Ali: ‘I don’t like horror films’ • Ali said he didn’t like horror film. • Ali says he doesn’t lke horroe films. • Ali said ‘I don’t like horror films ’ • ‘ I don’t like horror films ’he said

  5. REPORTING STATEMENTSWhile reporting the sentences we generally use (tell and say) • He has told me…../I will tell him……We told them………… • He said (that)…… I will say (that)…. OR He said to me …..(not common)

  6. Examples(present tenses and future) • Paul: I am not so keen on to see this film. • Paul says that he is not so keen on to see that film. • Paul has told us he is not so keen on to see that film • Paul will tell you he is not so keen on to see that film.

  7. EXAMPLES(PAST AND PAST PERFECT) • Ayşe :I will help you tomorrow. • Ayşe told me (that) she would help me the following day. • Ayşe had told me……………………………………........

  8. TENSE CHANGES in REPORTED SPEECH • ‘’I never get up late’’ >He said that he never got up late. • ‘’I am working on my thesis’’ >He said that he was working on his thesis. • ‘’I have applied for a job.’’ >He said that he had applied for a job. • ‘’I have been working for two hours.’’ >He said that he had been working for two hours. • ‘’I stayed at home last night.’’ >He said that he had stayed at home the previous night. • ‘’I was working in Ankara last year.’’ >He said that he had been working in Ankara the previous year.

  9. am-is-are going to………………….was-were going to. • Shall-will…………………………..shouldl-would • Should-would……………………...should-would • Can…………………………………could • Must-have to……………………….had to • Don’t have to………………………didn’t have to • Must’t………………………………must’nt • May…………………………………might • Might……………………………….might • Used to……………………………..used to

  10. Expressions of time and place in Reported Speech • Today that day • Tonight that night • Yesterday the previous day • Last week the previous week • Yesterday morning the previous morning • Two years ago two years before-earlier • Tomorrow the next day • Next week the following week • Now then-immediately

  11. MORE REPORTING VERBS(EXAMPLES) • Ex’:I didn’t steal the Money’ • He denied that he had stolen the Money • Ex:’We will get married as soon as school is over. • They announced that they would get married as soon as school was over. • Ex:’You will really feel comfortable at that hotel’ • The travel agent assured us that we would really feel comfortable at that hotel.

  12. Ex:I will never leave you’ • He promised met hat he would never leave me. • Ex:’I killed him last night’ • He confessed that he had killed him the previous night. • Ex:’I stayed in Saudi Arabia so I can speak Arabic fluently.’ • He boasted that he had stayed in S.A.so he could speak Arabic fluently.

  13. Reporting Verbs • Add Shout • Boast Yell • Announce Inform • Answer Reply • Deny Assure • Complain Protest • Promise Remind(obj)

  14. REPORTING QUESTIONS • Intead of ‘’say-tell’……… • Ask • Wonder • Want to know • Want to learn

  15. Examples • ‘Why didn’t you come to the party’ • She asked me why I hadn’t come to the party. • ‘Why are you leaving so early today’ • My mother asked me why I was leaving so early that day. • Are you coming with us’ • She asked me if I was coming with them.

  16. ‘Are you coming with us’ • She is asking me if I am coming with them. • ‘Why did you refuse my offer’ • He has asked me twice why I refused his offer

  17. REPORTING IMPERATIVES • Direct:Study your lessons regularly • Indirect:The teacher told us to study our…. • Direct:Don’t try to cheat during the exam. • Indirect:The teacher warned us not to cheat in the exam.

  18. Direct:Don’t play with the matches. • Indirect:I warned my son not to play with the matches. • Direct:Don’t use my car again. • Indirect:My father ordered me not use his car again. • >OR:My father forbade me to use his car.

  19. Direct:Don’t forget to phone Ann later today • Indirect:Sue reminded me not to forget to phone Ann later that day. • OR>Sue reminded me to phone….. • Direct:Don’t hit the children • Indirect:His wife begged him not to hit the children. • Direct:Help me please with this heavy suitcase. • Indirect:An old lady requested me to help her….

  20. Reported sp.mixed type • Statement + Statement • Ex:’I have to study hard or I will fail the the test’ • She said that she had to study hard or she would fail the test • Ex:’I liked the book but I didn’t like its film version much • She said that she had liked the book but she hadn’t liked its film version much.

  21. Question + Question • Ex:‘Why are you still at home?Does your lesson start later today? • My mother asked me why I was still at home and if my lesson started later that day.

  22. Question + Imperative / Imperative + Quesion • Ex:’Why are you still waiting?Start your work without delay • The boss asked the employees why they were still waiting and told them to start their work without delay. • Ex:’Do it as I told you.Do you have any more questions?’ • The manager told the secretary to do it as he had told her and asked if she had any more questions.

  23. Statement + Question / Question + Statement • Ex:’It is very hot in here.Can I open the window?’ • I said that it was very hot in there and asked if I could open the window. • Ex:’What time is it?I don’t want to miss the news programme on TV. • She wantwd to know what time it was and said that she didn’t want to miss the news programme on TV.

  24. Statement + Imperative / Imperative + Statement • Ex:’I am very keen on my freedom.Don’t interfere in my business’. • She told her parents that she was very keen on her freedom and told them not to interfere in her business. • Ex:’Don’t involve me in this case.I don’t want to get into trouble.’ • He told us not to involve him in that case and said that he didn’t want to get into trouble.

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