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Fundamentals of Genetics Review

Fundamentals of Genetics Review. Definitions 100. The field of Biology devoted to understanding how characteristics are transmitted from parents to offspring. Definitions 100. Genetics. Definitions 100.

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Fundamentals of Genetics Review

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  1. Fundamentals of Genetics Review

  2. Definitions 100 • The field of Biology devoted to understanding how characteristics are transmitted from parents to offspring.

  3. Definitions 100 • Genetics

  4. Definitions 100 • When pollen grains from the male part of the flower are transferred to the female part of the flower

  5. Definitions 100 • Pollination

  6. Definitions 100 • The fertilized egg cell

  7. Definitions 100 • zygote

  8. Definitions 100 • A segment of DNA on a chromosome that controls a particular hereditary trait

  9. Definitions 100 • gene

  10. Definitions 100 • The appearance of an organism due to its genotype

  11. Definitions 100 • phenotype

  12. Definitions 100 • Alternative forms of the same gene

  13. Definitions 100 • alleles

  14. Definitions 100 • Describes a genotype where the two alleles for the gene are different

  15. Definitions 100 • Heterozygous

  16. Definitions 100 • Mendel’s Law that says that during gamete formation, the two parental alleles for a gene separate and go into different gametes

  17. Definitions 100 • The Law of Segregation

  18. Definitions 100 • Type of dominance relationship where the heterozygotes have a phenotype that is intermediate between the homozygous phenotypes

  19. Definitions 100 • Incomplete Dominance

  20. Definitions 100 • A dominantly inherited trait that results in short stature.

  21. Definitions 100 • Achondroplasia

  22. Definitions 100 • Mendel’s Law that states that each gene segregates independently of the other genes in gamete formation

  23. Definitions 100 • The Law of Independent Assortment

  24. Genetics Problems 200 • In pea plants, tall is dominant to short. What is the phenotypic ratio predicted from the following cross? • Tt X tt

  25. Genetics Problems 200 • ½ tall • ½ short • Or 1:1 ratio of tall to short

  26. Genetics Problems 200 • In pea plants, tall is dominant to short. What is the phenotypic ratio predicted from the following cross? • Tt X Tt

  27. Genetics Problems 200 • ¾ tall • ¼ short • Or 3:1 ratio of tall to short

  28. Genetics Problems 200 • In pea plants, tall is dominant to short. What is the genotypic ratio predicted from the following cross? • Tt X Tt

  29. Genetics Problems 200 • ¼ homozygous dominant • ½ heterozygous • ¼ homozygous recessive • Or 1 homo dom: 2 hetero: 1 homo rec

  30. Genetics Problems 300 • In guinea pigs, short hair is dominant to long. You have a momma guinea pig (Ss) and a dadda guinea pig (ss) and you plan on letting them breed until they have 30 babies. • How many of the babies are expected to have long hair?

  31. Genetics Problems 300 • 15

  32. Genetics Problems 400 • A mama oobley boobley bird who is yellow mates with a papa oobley boobley bird who is blue. Their baby birds have some feathers that are blue and some feathers that are yellow. • What kind of dominance relationship is this?

  33. Genetics Problems 400 • Codominance

  34. Genetics Problems 400 • In fruit flies, normal wing shape (V) is dominant to vestigial (v) and grey body (G) is dominant to black body (g). • You do a cross between the following individuals: • Female: VVGg • Male: Vvgg • What are the possible gametes that can be formed for both the female and the male?

  35. Genetics Problems 400 • Female: VG, Vg • Male: Vg, vg

  36. Genetics Problems 500 • A tomato plant with yellow flowers is crossed with a tomato plant with red flowers. The offspring (F1 generation) all have orange flowers. • What phenotypic ratios do you expect in the F2 generation?

  37. Genetics Problems 500 • ¼ yellow flowers • ½ orange flowers • ¼ red flowers • Or 1 yellow: 2 orange: 1 red

  38. Genetics Problems 500 • In guinea pigs, black hair color (B) is dominant to brown (b). Short hair (S) is dominant to long (s). • What are the phenotypic ratios predicted from the following cross? • BBSs X bbSs

  39. Genetics Problems 500 • ¾ black, short hair • ¼ black, long hair • Or 3 black, short: 1 black, long

  40. Genetics Problems 500 • A man with type A blood marries and woman who is type B. • What are the possible genotypes of their kids?

  41. Genetics Problems 500 • OO • AB • AO • BO

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