CHARLES HEAPHY

1. CHARLES HEAPHY

2. Contents Slide 1: Opening Slide 2: Contents Slide 3: Who Charles Heaphy is Slide 4: His early exploration in a timeline Slide 5: Arriving in New Zealand and the beginning of his exploration Slide 6: Going through Kororaka and Port Nicholson (Wellington) Slide 7: Chatham Islands Slide 8: Taranaki and Port Nicholson Slide 9: Nelson and Motueka Slide 10: London Slide 11: The Return to New Zealand Slide 12: The West Coast Slide 13: Auckland Slide 14: The Victoria Cross Slide 15: Heaphy’s final travels Slide16: Heaphy’s leadership qualities Slide 17: Heaphy’s major achievements Slide 18: Charles Heaphy’s legacy Slide 19: Bibliography Slide 20: Conclusion

3. Who is Charles Heaphy? Family members -Father: Thomas Heaphy -Mother: Mary Stevenson -Brother: Thomas Heaphy (Junior) -Sisters: Mary Ann Musgrave & Elizabeth Murphy & a sister which no information is known about her • Born in London 1820 (His actual birth-date is unknown) • The youngest of five children • Parents were of a French descent

4. CHARLES HEAPHY’S EXPLORATION IN A TIMELINE • In 1831 Charles Heaphy went to Italy with his father Thomas Heaphy. In Italy, he was taught how to be an artist • When Charles was 17 years old, he was already a professional water colourist as his father, had taught the family how to paint before he died. • In 1835, Charles was trained to be a draughtsman • 1839 The New Zealand Company had no charter, made an expedition to find land for first settlement in New Zealand • Charles left England on the 12th of May 1839 from Plymouth with ‘The New Zealand Company’ • The ship he sailed on was called ‘Tory’ • The party was led by Colonel Wakefield with Ernst Diffenbach and Charles Heaphy who was the draughtsman.

5. They arrived in New Zealand on the 16th of August in 1839 • They arrived at Queen Charlotte Sound in the West-coast of the South Island • Began to explore into Cook Strait and began to learn how to charter from the ships master • Sailed to Hokianga in December 1839 • Sailed to Kaikora in Northland in December • Tory got damaged in Kaikora • Charles Heaphy and Gibbon Wakefield walked by foot with Ernst Diffenbach to Kororaka This is the picture Heaphy drew of Mt Egmont, his most famous picture

6. On the way to the Kororaka, at the Wairoa River, Heaphy sketched a picture of the Kauri Forest and how people were logging it • Heaphy wanted to go to Port Nicholson to get another British boat • In March 1840, Tory (the boat) was fixed and was sailed to Wellington • NZ Company had another large ship called ‘Cuba’ • Heaphy then transferred from the Tory to the Cuba in April 1840 along with Ernst Diffenbach and Richard Hansen • Around this time, the Treaty of Waitangi was being signed and there was a lot of land being negotiated between the Maori and the Europeans This is the picture of the Kauri Forest which Heaphy drew

7. Chatham Islands • Charles Heaphy and Richard Hansen then sailed to the Chatham Islands around April 1840 and were one of the first British people to go through the Chatham Islands • The expedition was to survey and acquire the territory of the company and Heaphy prepared detailed charts about the chief landmarks

8. Port Nicholson Taranaki • His next journey was to Taranaki where his role was to buy land and to report on the communication between Taranaki and Port Nicholson • Went to Port Nicholson with Frederick Moore and built a cottage on the corner of Lampton Quay and Willis Street • Heaphy had completed the surveying of Port Nicholson

9. Nelson & Motueka • Frederick Moore and Charles Heaphy then went to Nelson on an expedition for the NZ Company looking for somewhere to settle • 1841 Moore asked for a job in Motueka and tried to persuade the NZ Company that it was a good place to colonise • Heaphy was the draughtsman and Moore was the captain • Heaphy explored the Western side of Motueka Valley on 20 October 1841 and discovered Whakatu which is now Nelson Haven which was chosen for the British Colony • Awarded with 50 pounds each for there service towards the Nelson expedition • By November 1841 Heaphy started his pictorial record of the Nelson district including the Tory Chanel, Queen Charlotte Sound

10. London • Heaphy then sailed back to London on the ‘Balley’ in 1842 when his three year contract ended • In London, Heaphy wrote the book ‘Narrative of a Residence in Various parts of New Zealand’. This included the charts of Cook Strait and the Harbour of Port Nicholson and Nelson • In this book he acknowledged that the voyage had been ‘for acquiring the purpose of territory and selecting the site for the first settlement.’ • In the book, he promoted New Zealand including the Chatham Islands even though the Maori were having land settlements • He showed many people in London, the sketches he drew in New Zealand and told them about his adventures • Also in London, Heaphy quoted that ‘1839 till 1842 were the best years of his life.’

11. The Return to New Zealand • He came back to New Zealand on the Prince of Wales boat as a draughtsman on December 18, 1842 • Then he went down to Nelson to see his good friend Frederick Moore • Together, they began to search for jobs in Nelson and did some farming and more expeditions • In June 1843, at the Wairau Massacre – a party of Maori feared that there land survey was lost to the tribe, attacked the British survey team killing 22 members including Captain Arthur Wakefield • Heaphy took the opportunity to write to the company which let him explore further inland. This led to the expedition in November 1843 to Lake Rotoriti and the Bulla River and back to Golden Bay

12. The West Coast • 2 February 1846 Heaphy, William Fox and Thomas Brunner had a month long expedition to Lake Rotoriti and Bulla River • March 17, Heaphy, Fox and Brunner set off from Nelson for a five month expedition and faced many challenges. For example: not enough food, rough seas and going through a lot of bush • Later on Fox called it ‘the most arduous expedition which has yet been undertaken in New Zealand.’

13. Auckland • 1848 Heaphy came to Auckland and was appointed as chief draughtsman to the Auckland Provincial • 1851 October, Charles Heaphy married Catherine Churton. They had no children but adopted two children • Mid 1853 the gold rush finished and Heaphy went back to Auckland • 1857 Gold Rush struck the Coromandel and he wanted to go there and try mining • 1859 the Maori protests grew stronger and they wanted to fight against the British • Heaphy joined the Auckland Rifle Volunteers • 1863 war broke out between the British and Maori • Heaphy was then promoted to a major in the Auckland Rifle Volunteers

14. The Victoria Cross • In 1864 on February 11th Charles Heaphy showed a bravery act of rescuing a soldier that had been wounded under attack • The soldier was from the Militia ‘40 regiment’ • The Victoria Cross was not awarded to anyone belonging to the Militia though in February 1867, the rules changed • Major Charles Heaphy then was the first British soldier to be awarded the Victoria Cross

15. Heaphy’s final travels • 1872 Heaphy went to Wellington which was then the capital city of New Zealand • 1878 Heaphy was the judge of The Native Land Court • He fell ill that same year with tuberculosis • He sailed to Brisbane with his wife in 1881 and sadly died on the 3rd of August 1881 • He is buried at Toowong Cemetery in Brisbane Australia Struggles and Challenges • At one point in his life, he nearly died of malnutrition and hypothermia while on an expedition

16. Heaphy’s Leadership qualities • Brave – awarded The Victoria Cross and attempting to rescue another member of the 40th regiment • Loyal – to The New Zealand Company and all the other explorers he went through many expeditions with • Ambitious – to sail through many islands, such as Nelson and Port Nicholson • Persistent - through out his whole life and not giving up on any of his dreams • Determined – to follow his spirit of adventure

17. Charles Heaphy’s major achievements • Being an Explorer: • Exploring into Cook Strait and parts of Hokianga and Kaikora • Being one of the first British men to go through the Chatham Islands • Discovering Whakatu which is now Nelson Haven • Exploring into Lake Rotoriti and the Bulla River 2. Being a soldier: • Being promoted to a ‘Major’ in the Auckland Militia • Being awarded the Victoria Cross 3. Being a professional water-colour artist: • His pictures showing the New Zealand history

18. CHARLES HEAPHY - LEGACY • In the North-West corner of the South Island is located a 78.4km track named the Heaphy Track • It is located in Kahurangi National Park at the North-west corner of the South Island • It is surrounded by the luscious green forest and the roaring seas of the West Coast • Even though the Heaphy Track was named after Charles Heaphy, he never walked through the area Maybe you will walk through the ‘Heaphy Track one day! Charles Heaphy’s exploration can teach and has taught others about New Zealand’s history through his art and exploration.

19. Bibliography • Charles Heaphy by Briar & Peter Stupples • Heaphy by Iain Sharp • en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Heaphy • tpo.tepapa.govt.nz/ • www.teara.govt.nz/en/heaphy-charles/ • www.teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/ • www.theprow.org.nz/charles-heaphy/ • www.nzetc.org

20. Now you know what an ambitiousexplorer Charles Heaphy was so vote him for the explorer of the century!