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Solutions for large-scale wind power integration in the European system

This presentation outlines the challenges and solutions for large-scale wind power integration in the European energy system. It discusses the impact of wind power growth, challenges faced by grid operators, and findings from the TradeWind workshop. Key points include the need for cross-border cooperation, investments, and changes in energy policy. The importance of energy storage, reduced GHG emissions, job creation, and lower electricity prices are highlighted. Additional ideas for dispatchable power plants, demand-side management, and electricity storage facilities are proposed.

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Solutions for large-scale wind power integration in the European system

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  1. Solutions for large-scale wind power integration in the European system EWEC2009 Energy and power management Frits Verheij March 18, 2009

  2. Outline • The impact of wind power • Challenges for large-scale integration • Findings of TradeWind workshop 12-02-2009 • Energy storage

  3. • Less GHG emissions • Less dependent on fossil fuels, and thus • Less dependent on energy policy of other countries • More jobs • Lower electricity prices • Larger variations in power supply • Less predictable power output • Large investments needed • Cross-border cooperation required • Change of ‘power’  The impact of wind power

  4. As wind power capacity is growing fast …

  5. … the impact of wind power creates pressure on the industry Public & Interest groups Wind power industry Grid operators Utilities & IPPs Gov’ment & Regulators

  6. Challenges for large-scale integration • Different support mechanisms are applied in different electricity markets • The present grid is not designed to facilitate large volumes of wind generated electricity … • … and building wind farms at remote areas are increasing the challenges for grid operators

  7. Some findings from TradeWind workshop (1/3) • Flexibility of the electricity supply system is required to facilitate large volumes of wind power (2020+) • Single electricity market enables international trading of wind power (and of other power sources) • Reinforcement of the grid is needed already, apart from the growth of wind power

  8. Some findings from TradeWind workshop (2/3) • Think BIG: the future grid should be designed for the next 50 to 60 years • Combine long-term thinking with short-term actions, i.e. we should start designing the future grid now as building new overhead lines is a 6-10 years process • Wind farms should be designed as modern power plants which supports the grid • Functions could be frequency control, voltage fault ride through, reactive power, et cetera

  9. Some findings from TradeWind workshop (3/3) • We will have too little time to wait for new European rules so we better start with concrete projects and develop best practices, e.g. Krieger’s Flak • A common vision and close co-operation between politicians, governments, regulators, grid operators, utilities, wind farm operators, interest groups and other stakeholders is required to make wind power also a success on the longer term

  10. Additional thoughts • Add quickly dispatchable power plants to electricity system • Develop demand side management • Add more electricity storage facilities to the system Advanced wind power curtailment?

  11. Combination of electricity storage and wind energy seems logical … • Electricity storage is well-established practice • In 1999 the EU had 32 GW capacity of pumped storage out of a total of 188 GW of hydropower and representing 5.5% of total electrical capacity in the EU • Wide variety of (mainly small-scale) storage applications

  12. … besides storage adds value to the energy sector • Decouples supply from demand • Increases technical reliability of power supply • Reduces loads on conventional power plants due to less frequent adjustments  less maintenance • Absorbs unpredicted variations in wind power • Balances wind during windless or stormy periods • Provides more flexibility in utilization of conventional power plants • Stabilizes costs of electricity (peak shaving) and decreases imbalance costs

  13. Main applications of large-scale electricity storage • Spinning reserve (hours) • Other ancillary services like frequency control and voltage support (minutes) • Download capacity base load units during off-peak hours + deliver additional power during peak loads Present Energy management Future • Balancing unexpected variations in wind energy (actual versus forecast) • Download capacity wind power plants during hours of strong winds

  14. The Energy Island Innovative plan for large-scale energy storage Characteristics: • Artificial island in North Sea, 15 km from the coast, size of 10x6 km2, water depth of sub surface inner lake is -32 to -40 m • Storage capacity of 20 GWh, able to provide about 1.500 MW • Enabler for other functionalities, e.g. 300-500 MW wind turbines, marina for maintenance offshore wind farms, other harbour facilities, substation, aquatic biomass, tourism, nature, agriculture, fish farming, …

  15. Thank you for your attention Your contact person: Frits Verheij KEMA Arnhem | The Netherlands T/M +31 (0) 26 356 2445 frits.verheij@kema.com www.kema.com

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