INTEGRATION OF WIND GENERATION IN TO TURKISH POWER SYSTEM

1. INTEGRATION OF WIND GENERATION IN TO TURKISH POWER SYSTEM Turkish Electricity Transmission Corporation Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

2. 400 kV Network BULGARİSTAN BLACKSEA DIMODICHEV SİNOP TES AKFEN HABİPLER BATUM GÜRCİSTAN ÇAYLI TES BABAESKİ SAMSUN TES CENGİZ HAMİTABAT ALİBEYKÖY SAN-SEL TES İKİTELLİ A.ALANI BOYABAT ALTINKAYA SAMSUN DGKÇ BORASCO AMASRA HOPA Y.TEPE YUNANİSTAN D.PAŞA KARABÜK BEYKOZ FILIPPI KAPTAN PAŞAKÖY BORÇKA EREĞLİ Z.KÖY ÇARŞAMBA GUMRI OSMANCA AMBARLI ÇANKIRI UNIMAR DERİNER ÜMRANİYE ARTVİN X ADA-GEBZE TEPEÖREN İÇDAŞ ARKUN ERMENİSTAN KARS KARABİGA ADAPAZARI BAĞLUM KALKANDERE TİREBOLU ÇAYIRHAN H.UĞURLU KAYABAŞI HİSAR ORDU-2 İAKSU YUSUFELİ SİNCAN GÖKÇEKAYA IĞDIR İÇDAŞ K.KALE DGKÇ BURSA AKINCI GÖLBAŞI AĞRI BALIKESİR ÇAN TEMELLİ KARGI SİVASDEÇEKO TUNÇBİLEK BABEK İÇANADOLU DGKÇ HORASAN KANGAL ÖZLÜCE SOMA D.BEYAZIT SEYİTÖMER ERZURUM KAYSERİ GÜRSÖĞÜT BAZARGAN VAN KEBAN KOCATEPE KHOY ELBİSTAN ALİAĞA TATVAN İRAN KARAKAYA MANİSA YEŞİLHİSAR ÇETİN DİYARBAKIR KONYA HİLVAN IŞIKLAR BATMAN DENİZLİ UZUNDERE YEDİGÖZE ATATÜRK ILISU AYDIN ANDIRIN SİLOPİ TES DOĞANLI KAVŞAK HAKKARİ SEYDİŞEHİR ÇUKURCA PS3 YENİKÖY G.ANTEP Ş.URFA YATAĞAN ADANA CİZRE OYMAPINAR ZAKHO BİRECİK KIZILTEPE ERZİN KEMERKÖY ERMENEK KAYRAKTEPE KESEK IRAK MERSİN AKSA VARSAK İSDEMİR İSKENDERUN TEİAŞ-APK 2008 TPP (PLANNED) HATAY HALEP TPP(EXISTING) HPP (PLANNED) MEDITERRANEAN SURİYE HPP (EXISTING) OHL (EXISTING) OHL (PLANNED) 220 kV OHL 154 kV OHL Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

3. Profile of System NUMBER OF SUBSTATIONS: 400 kV 62 154 kV 459 66 kV 15 TOTAL 536 INSTALLED CAPACITY (84.333 MVA) LENGTH OF TRANSMISSION LINES (km): 400 kV 14,338 154 kV 31,388 220 kV 84 66 kV 550 154 kV Cable 162,9 380 kV Cable 12,8 TOTAL46,536 Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

4. Generation & Demand (for the year of 2009) • Installed Capacity 44.067,5 MW • Hydro+Renewable 34.2 % • Thermal 65.8 % • Annual Consumption 198 TWh • 4.2 % increase(*) • Peak Demand 30.517 MW (*)For the year of 2008 Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

5. Peak Load and Electricity Consumption 1999-2018 http://www.teias.gov.tr/projeksiyon/KAPASITEPROJEKSIYONU2009.pdf

6. Expected Generation & Demand (between 2009 and 2018) In the Generation Capacity Projection study covering between years 2009 and 2018, • Peak Demand 55,053 MW (high scenario) 51,757 MW (low scenario) • Installed Capacity 56,382 MW (high scenario) 54,240 MW (low scenario) The projection study results show that the possible back up ratio of the installed capacity is %45.4 for 2009 and %2.4 for 2018. After 2015 new generation additions are needed. Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

7. AVAILABLE WIND CAPACITY CAN BE CONNECTED TO THE TURKISH POWER SYSTEM ACCORDING TO THE YEARS

8. Recent Situation for Wind Generation in Turkey • 4916 MW evaluated by TEIAS in respect of connection to PS • 3321 MW of these applications has been licensed by EMRA • 658 MW is in Operation • 2000 MW is Underconstruction • 78.000 MW new application are under evaluation • The amount of the available wind generation capacity can be connected to the system until 2013 is 12000 MW Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

9. 349 MW 703 MW 1046 MW 835 MW 1595 MW 618 MW The evaluated Wind Generation Capacity on the regional base and will be connected to the system with the view of TEIAS

10. The law (no:5346) for the “Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources for the Purpose of Generating Electricity” issued in 2005. Wind Enery Potential Atlas is ready (http://repa.eie.gov.tr) The Grid Code for the Wind Power Plants has been prepared by TEIAS and approved by EMRA. Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

11. INCENTIVES FOR RENEWABLE POWER PLANTS • Distribution Companies have to buy energy from RES (proportional with the total consumption) • 10 years purchase warranty • Minimum 5.5 € cent/kWh • Incentives are valid for power plants • are/shall be in operation till 31/12/2011 • Not older than 10 years Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

12. Fault Ride Through Capability of the Wind Power Plants 1.0 0.9 0.70.45 1 U, Grid Phase to Phase –Voltage (p.u) 2 Wind turbines will stay connected to the grid over of these curve 0 150 700 1500 3000 Time, msec. Diagram-1

13. Fault Ride Through Capability of the Wind Power Plants • In the event of the fault if the voltage stays in the region numbered 1, active power of the wind turbine should be increased with the rate of %20 of its nominal power in one second and it should reach its max. active power value which can be generated as soon as the fault cleared away. • In the event of the fault if the voltage stays in the region numbered 2, active power of the wind turbine should be increased with the rate of %5 of its nominal power in one second and it should reach its max. active power value which can be generated as soon as the fault cleared away. Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

14. U, Grid Voltage(p.u) Normal operational conditions Constant Power Factor %10 Voltage Dead Band 1.0 0.5 High Excitation Region Low Excitation Region -1 1 Ireaktif/In The reactive powerreaction which wind turbines have to obey in the voltage oscillation Diagram-2

15. The Reactive Power Support of the Wind Power Plants • The wind turbines will not give any reaction up to 10% of the grid voltage oscillations. • For the voltage oscillations more than this limit, for each 1% changes in nominal voltage, the reactive current support is required which is equal to 2% of the nominal current (Diagram-2). • The reactive support should be realized in 20 millisecond and it should continue for 3 seconds as shown in Diagram-1. Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

16. Active Power Control • In necessity, the active power output of the wind power plants should be automatically controlable with the rate of %20-%100 of it’s total installed capacity with the signals will be sent by TEİAŞ. • a) The speed of the load shedding in minute for the Wind Power Plants which have installed capacity equal or less than 100 MW will be %5 of it’s installed capacity. • b) The speed of the load shedding in minute for the Wind Power Plants which have installed capacity higher than 100 MW will be %4 of it’s installed capacity. Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

17. Frequency Reaction of the Wind Power Plants %100 Active Power of Wind Power Plant %40 47.5 50 50.3 51.5 Frequancy, Hertz Diagram-3

18. Frequency Reaction of WPP’s • If the frequency of the grid is higher than 50.2 Hz, there will be no permission for additional WPP’s connection to the grid. • Wind turbines will be able to generate all of it’s available capacity on the condition that the grid frequency is between 47.5-50.3 Hz. • In the condition that the grid frequency is higher than 50.3 Hz, the curve in diagram-3 will be followed and for each 100 mHz frequency increase, load sheding will be applied with the rate of %5 of it’s available capacity.

19. Reactive Power Capacity Active Power(%) Power Factor: 0.95 Power Factor: 0.95 Power Factor: 0.835 Power Factor: 0.835 Low Exitation Region High Exitation Region Reactive Power(%) Diagram-4 At the connection point to the grid,the wind power plants will be able to operate for the power factor values in the region defined with the bold lines.

20. Technical data which is required from Wind Power Plants by TEİAŞ • Number of wind turbines and nominal power (MWe) and the type of each turbine (asynchronized , synchronized ). • Grid Connection types of turbines (directed; double fed, synchronized generator, AC/DC/AC converter synchronized generator). • Operational conditions of wind turbines for minimum and maximum wind speed values (the graphics which shows the changes in the generation of wind power plants according to the wind speed). • The type and the label of systems will be constructed to limit the flicker effect of voltage and current harmonics. Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009

21. Thank You for Your Attention ! Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009