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CHAPTER 4, research design

Chapter Outline. Three Purposes of ResearchThe Logic of Nomothetic ExplanationNecessary and Sufficient CausesUnits of AnalysisThe Time DimensionHow to Design a Research ProjectThe Research ProposalThe Ethics of Research DesignQuick Quiz. Three Purposes of Research. ExplorationTo satisfy the

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CHAPTER 4, research design

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    1. CHAPTER 4, research design

    2. Chapter Outline Three Purposes of Research The Logic of Nomothetic Explanation Necessary and Sufficient Causes Units of Analysis The Time Dimension How to Design a Research Project The Research Proposal The Ethics of Research Design Quick Quiz

    3. Three Purposes of Research Exploration To satisfy the researcher’s curiosity and desire for better understanding To test the feasibility of undertaking a more extensive study To develop the methods to be employed in any subsequent study Examples?

    4. Description Describe situations and events through scientific observation Examples?

    5. Explanation Descriptive studies answer questions of what, where, when, and how Explanatory studies answer questions of why Examples?

    6. The Logic of Nomothetic Explanation Goal: to find a few factors that can account for many of the variations in a given phenomenon.

    7. Example: Legalization of Marijuana Idiographic Approach Nomothetic Approach Information from parents, teachers, clergy Previous experiences Others? Political orientation Others?

    8. Criteria for Nomothetic Causality The variables must be correlated Correlation – An empirical relationship between two variables such that changes in one are associated with changes in the other, or particular attributes in one are associated with particular attributes in the other. The cause takes place before the effect The variables are nonspurious Spurious Relationship – A coincidental statistical correlation between two variables shown to be caused by some third variable

    9. Figure 4.1

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