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The Mammalian Digestive System

The Mammalian Digestive System. The digestive system in mammals is responsible for the chemical breakdown of food and its absorption from the gut. Much of the food that we consume contains macromolecules that are too large to be absorbed and utilised by the body cells.

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The Mammalian Digestive System

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  1. The Mammalian Digestive System The digestive system in mammals is responsible for the chemical breakdown of food and its absorption from the gut Much of the food that we consume contains macromolecules that are too large to be absorbed and utilised by the body cells Starch and protein are polymers and lipids are large molecules Polymers need to be broken down into their monomers and large molecules into smaller constituents, if absorption is to occur

  2. The Mammalian Digestive System Digestion is the process of breaking down large food molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used by body cells In humans, hydrolytic enzymes are responsible for the chemical digestion of starch, protein and lipids Hydrolytic enzymes (hydrolases) are manufactured in various regionsof the digestive system

  3. The Mammalian Digestive System The organs of the digestive system are made up of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) and accessory structures The gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal is a continuous tube running from the mouth to the anus The major organs of the alimentary canal are: • The mouth • The oesophagus • The stomach • The small intestine (duodenum and ileum) • The large intestine (colon, rectum and anus)

  4. Mouth Salivary glands Oesophagus Stomach Liver Pancreas (in loop of duodenum) Colon Small intestine (duodenum + ileum) Rectum Anus

  5. The Stomach & Duodenum Outlinedon a Barium Meal X-Ray Stomach Duodenum

  6. The Stomach & Intestine Outlinedon a Barium Meal X-Ray Oesophagus Stomach Intestine

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