140 likes | 258 Views
Civil Rights Movement. Civil Rights. Early Demands for Equality AA discontent with segregation after WWII Jim Crow Laws De Jure Segregation : enforced by law vs. De Facto Segregation : by tradition Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)- non violent protest group. Civil Rights.
E N D
Civil Rights Early Demands for Equality • AA discontent with segregation after WWIIJim Crow Laws • De Jure Segregation: enforced by law vs. De Facto Segregation: by tradition • Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)- non violent protest group
Civil Rights • Brown vs. Board of Education • NAACP challenges Plessy vs. Ferguson • Segregated schools violate US constitution SC Chief Justice Earl Warren • Little Rock 9: Ark. Gov. refused integration- called in Nat’l Grd. • Pres. Eisenhower sends Federal troops to escort students
Civil Rights • Montgomery Bus Boycott: Rosa Parks refuses to move seat for white person, AA boycott bus riding for over 1 yr finally declared unconstitutional • MLK Jr. preaches non violent resistanceSouthern Christian Leadership Conf. (SCLC
Civil Rights Movement Gains Ground • Integration slow in coming- several forms of protest grow • Greensboro sit-in: 4 black students refuse to move when Woolworth’s refused them service • Student Nonviolent Coordinating Comm. (SNCC)- grass roots mvmt to defeat racism
Civil Rights • “Freedom Riders”- 1961- CORE stages freedom rides through deep south to protest segregation on public transportation met with bombs and mobs • Pres. Kennedy sends federal troopers to protect riders
Civil Rights • March On Washington: SNCC, SCLS, CORE, etc protest MLK “I have A Dream” Speech • Congress passes Civil Rights Act of 1964: banned segregation in public facilities
Civil Rights New Successes and Challenges • AA still face voting restrictions (poll taxes, literacy tests)Freedom Summer • Students in Miss. register hundreds of AA to vote • Voting Rights Act of 1965 and 24th Am: bans literacy tests and poll taxes • Baker vs. Carr- limit gerrymandering based on race • Race riots: LA, NJ, AA use violence against cops, white business owners
Civil Rights New voices of Civil Rights • Malcolm X: Nation of Islam AA radical- separation of races • Black Power: continue fight for equality • Black Panthers: militant AA- armed patrols, extremist group • 1968: MLK assassinated by James Earl Ray