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Liquids and Solids

Liquids and Solids. Liquids. Objectives. Identify and explain the properties of liquids according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory Describe the process in which liquids turn to gases. Describe the process in which liquids turn to solids. Properties of Liquids. Definite Volume

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Liquids and Solids

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  1. Liquids and Solids Liquids

  2. Objectives • Identify and explain the properties of liquids according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory • Describe the process in which liquids turn to gases. • Describe the process in which liquids turn to solids

  3. Properties of Liquids • Definite Volume • No definite shape • Less K.E. than gases • Intermolecular forces hold particles together • Constant motion of particles allows liquids to flow. • Gases and liquids are both fluids

  4. Liquids • Liquids are the least common state of matter in the universe. • Substances exist in the liquid phase in a narrow window of temperatures.

  5. Liquids • High density • Particles are close together • Most substances are slightly less dense in the liquid state as compared to the solid state • Densities of liquid substances vary.

  6. Liquids • Relatively incompressible • Particles are close together. • Able to readily diffuse. • Constant motion of particles • Diffusion of liquids is slower than for gases due to the particles being close together Animation: How Diffusion Works

  7. Liquids • Surface tension – a force that pulls adjacent parts of a liquid’s surface together, resulting in the smallest possible surface area • Capillary action is a closely relate property

  8. Evaporation and Boiling • Vaporization – process in which a liquid turns to a gas • evaporation – vaporization that occurs below the boiling point • Boiling – occurs at the boiling point.

  9. Formation of Solids • Freezing – change from a liquid to a solid • Low kinetic energy results in particles being more attracted to each other and the formation of a more ordered structure

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