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Constitution Debate

Dive into the debate between Federalists and Antifederalists, their key arguments, and the timeline of events leading to the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.

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Constitution Debate

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  1. Constitution Debate Federalists vs. Antifederalists

  2. Quick Comparison Federalists Antifederalists Amending the Articles led government Preferred states retain their influence and power for fear of a corrupt monarchical elite Preferred the direct representatives of the people, Congress/Legislative, to be the power of the government Feared an individual with king-like powers Support from lower class and rural areas Demanded a separate bill of rights • Scrapping of the Articles of Confederation • Supported limiting the power of the state to allow for a more effective federal government • Favored an equal, but divided, three part government in the form of Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches • Argued for a single chief executive • Chiefly supported by the economic elites • Felt the Constitution protected all

  3. Timeline Federalists • 1765 – Patrick Henry’s Virginia Resolves • 1767 – Passing of Townshend Revenue Acts • 1770 – Boston Massacre • 1773 – Boston Tea Party • 1774 – First Continental Congress • 1775 – Second Continental Congress • 1776 – Declaration of Independence • 1777 – Articles of Confederation adopted • 1781 – Cornwallis surrenders • 1783 – Treaty of Paris ratified Antifederalists • 1786 – Shays’ Rebellion • 1787 – Constitutional Convention • 1788 – U.S. Constitution officially ratified • 1789 – Washington sworn in as President • 1790 – D.C. site selected and approved • 1795 – Jay’s Treaty argued by Jefferson • 1796 – Adams elected President • 1798 – Alien & Sedition Acts • 1800 – Jefferson elected President • 1803 – Louisiana Purchase

  4. The Federalists • Alexander Hamilton John Jay James Madison George Washington (Trumbull, 1806) (Stuart, 1794) (Trumbull, 1806) (Stuart, 1797)

  5. Key Federalist Writings- Published under the collective pen name “Publius” • Federalist no. 1 – Alexander Hamilton • - Announcing the opportunity for a chosen government by and for the people. • Federalist no. 10 – James Madison • - Argument emphasizing the power of the majority, and the potential for corruption and tyranny against the minority, and the need for protection of the minority. • Federalist no. 51 – James Madison - Introduction of a checks and balances system essential to separating and equalizing the power of all three branches of government, and the dangers of a government of men. - A third author, John Jay, would also be an instrumental contributor

  6. The Anti-federalists Patrick Henry Samuel Adams George Clinton (Mathews, circa 1891) (Graham, 1797) (Ames, n.d.)

  7. Key Anti-Federalist Writings • Brutus I • Is it possible for a cultural melting pot society to sustain liberty and self-government without sacrifice by one or another? • Brutus II • It is human nature to sacrifice the common good for self-interested purposes requiring a bill of rights to secure the rights and liberties of the people. • Antifederalist no. 17 • “Necessary and proper” authority for the central government will eventually overtake the secured rights of the state’s authority.

  8. All pictures are from commons.wikimedia • Ames, E. (n.d.). George Clinton [Portrait]. Retrieved from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:George_Clinton#/media/File:George_Clinton_by_Ezra_Ames.jpg • Graham. (1797). Samuel Adams [Portrait]. Retrieved from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Governor_Samuel_Adams.jpg • Matthews, G. (c. 1891). Patrick Henry [Portrait]. Retrieved from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Patrick_Henry#/media/File:Patrick_henry.JPG • Stuart, G. (1797). George Washington [Portrait]. Retrieved from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/George_Washington#/media/File:Gilbert_Stuart_Williamstown_Portrait_of_George_Washington.jpg • Stuart, G. (1794). John Jay [Portrait]. Retrieved from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/John_Jay#/media/File:John_Jay_(Gilbert_Stuart_portrait).jpg • Trumbull, J. (1806). Alexander Hamilton [Portrait]. Retrieved from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton#/media/File:Alexander_Hamilton_portrait_by_John_Trumbull_1806.jpg • Vanderlyn, J. (1816). James Madison [Portrait]. Retrieved from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/James_Madison#/media/File:James_Madison.jpg

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