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The Cultural Revolution

The Cultural Revolution. Reasons for the launch of the revolution and its key features. Arguments between the leaders of the communist party 1959-66. Mao Zedong Liu Shaoqi Moderate Deng Xiaoping Moderate. 1958

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The Cultural Revolution

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  1. The Cultural Revolution Reasons for the launch of the revolution and its key features

  2. Arguments between the leaders of the communist party 1959-66 • Mao Zedong • Liu Shaoqi Moderate • Deng Xiaoping Moderate

  3. 1958 Mao resigned as president after the failures of the Great Leap Forward – he was therefore not involved with the running of the government and the economy. He remained as Chairman of the CCP and was still highly regarded by many of the Chinese people because he was the hero of the revolution of 1949 Liu became President The job of running the government and the economy was done by Liu and Deng (party secretary) .They were moderates and felt Mao’s reforms had gone too far too quickly

  4. 1962-66 • Arguments between Mao and the Moderates broke out over which direction to follow in developing China • By 1963 Mao was already regretting his loss of power and was becoming concerned at the changes that were taking place in China

  5. Mao disliked the moderates because • They opposed the GLF which had caused famine and chaos in China • They wanted smaller communes, saying they were currently too big • They wanted larger, more efficient industrial units • They wanted life to be more normal • They were beginning to dominate the economy • They were taking the Capitalist road. • There were too many experts

  6. Mao’s response His response was to begin to build up support in the PLA and although he lacked supporters in the higher levels of government and the CCP, he had many supporters in lesser positions who felt the moderate leaders LIU and DENG were undermining the revolution by introducing western/capitalist ideas In 1966 he had enough support to make a comeback for control and to edge out the moderates. To achieve this Mao launched THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION

  7. I’m back!!!!!!!!!!!!! • Remember me!

  8. So…..Why did Mao launch The Cultural Revolution?

  9. Mao said • Revolution was too remote from the people • The increase in the numbers of experts and specialists was damaging the economy and the party • In Chinese education members of the party were getting preferential treatment and thus a m/c was being created • The revolution had gone to sleep

  10. The ‘real’ reasons??? • Mao wanted to regain power • He wanted the masses on his side • Madame Mao ‘the power behind the throne’ urged him on • Mao believed in permanent revolution • To equalise the value of physical and mental labour

  11. Definition of Cultural Revolution • Mao wanted a total transformation of people’s thoughts and behaviour. He wanted a clean break with the past and a complete change of minds and attitudes. That’s why we use the word ‘cultural’ to mean the whole outlook – the whole being.

  12. Key Features • Red Guards • The Little Red Book • An Attack on the Olds • Demonstrations • Cult of Mao • Denunciations • Attacks – Violence • Social Engineering

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