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Dipylon vases, Athens, 750-725 BCE Late Geometric: prothesis , ekphora

Dipylon vases, Athens, 750-725 BCE Late Geometric: prothesis , ekphora. Greece & the Mediterranean in the 8 th c. BCE: Panhellenic movements and change. Late Geometric krater , 750-725 BCE. Thermon , NW Greece 9 th -7 th c. temples. Temple of Hera ( Heraion ),

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Dipylon vases, Athens, 750-725 BCE Late Geometric: prothesis , ekphora

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  1. Dipylon vases, Athens, 750-725 BCELate Geometric: prothesis, ekphora

  2. Greece & the Mediterranean in the 8th c. BCE:Panhellenic movements and change

  3. Late Geometric krater, 750-725 BCE

  4. Thermon, NW Greece9th-7th c. temples

  5. Temple of Hera (Heraion), Samos: 7th c. monopteral Samos: 6th c. peripteral Samos: altar of Hera, 8th c. What does this tell us about cult & religious worship in the archaic period?

  6. Olympic games: athletics & music, 776 BCEand beyond

  7. Homer Iliad 23.255-271: Games of Patroclus • But Achilles stayed the men even where they were, and made them sit in a wide gathering; and from his ships brought forth prizes; cauldrons and tripods [260] and horses and mules and strong oxen and fair-girdled women and grey iron. For swift charioteers first he set forth fine prizes, a woman to lead away, one skilled in handsome handiwork, and an eared tripod of twenty-two measures [265] for the victor; and for second-place he appointed a six-year-old unbroken mare, pregnant with a mule foal; and for third-place he set forth a cauldron untouched by fire, a fair cauldron that held four measures, white even as the first; and for fourth-place he appointed two talents of gold; [270] and for fifth-place a two-handled urn, not yet touched by fire.

  8. Tripods: frieze from SiphnianTreasury, Delphi (550); Olympia tripod leg, 8th c.; 8thc. bronze tripod, Cyprus; 5th c. vase. What do we learn?

  9. Panhellenic sanctuaries: Olympia, Delphi, Nemea, Isthmia

  10. Olympia, altis (model reconstruction)

  11. Olympia, Temple of Hera, 600 BCE

  12. Olympia, stadion and starting line, 5th c. BCE

  13. aretê (ἀρετή): “excellence”kleos (κλέος): “renown”

  14. Mediterranean 750 BCEGreek and Phoenician influence

  15. Eretria (Euboea) – contacts & colonies, 8th c. BCE Cyprus Phoenicia Carthage

  16. Distribution of Euboean pendent semi-circle skyphoi & plates Euboea

  17. Phoenician shipping routes, 9th-8th centuries

  18. Early Phoenician and Greek alphabets

  19. Cup of Nestor, ca. 750 BCE, Pithekussai, Italy Reconstruction ΝΕΣΤΟΡΟΣΕ[ΙΜΙ] ΕΥΠΟΤ[ΟΝ] ΠΟΤΕΡΙΟΝ ΗΟΣ Δ ΑΝ ΤΟΔΕ ΠΙΕΣΙ ΠΟΤΕΡΙ[Ο] ΑΥΤΙΚΑ ΚΕΝΟΝ ΗΙΜΕΡΟΣ ΗΑΙΡΕΣΕΙ ΚΑΛΛΙΣΤΕ[ΦΑΝ]Ο ΑΦΡΟΔΙΤΕΣ Translation Of Nestor I am the pleasant-to-drink-from cup Whoever drinks from this cup, immediately him A desire will seize for fair-crowned Aphrodite. Homeric references Homer Odyssey 3.71-72: “[Athena] offered [Nestor’s] rich two-handled cup to Telemachus, Odysseus’ son ....” Homer Iliad 11.632-637: “There was also a cup of rare workmanship which [Nestor] had brought with him from home, studded with bosses of gold; it had four handles, on each of which there were two golden doves feeding, and it had two feet to stand on.” Gold cup, Mycenae, 1500 BCE

  20. . Al Mina

  21. Questions on colonization based on readings in Osborne, Hdt. 4, and D&Gchapter 2: pp. 48-49, etc. • What is the earliest evidence for colonization? (D&G1, 10, 12, 13) • How did these factors contribute to colonization in the 8th c.? • Population (Hdt.) • Trade (D&G33, 36) • Resources (land, minerals, climate) (D&G11) • Politics (power, threats, unpopularity, flight, scandal, crime), opportunity, restlessness and ambition(D&G 13, 23, 34, 28-31 & Hdt.) • What was required to create a colony? (D&G3-5) • What was the process of colonization? (D&G 3-5, 34, 35) • Which Greek communities were active colonizers? (D&G16, 18) • What was the relationship between colony & its mother-city? (D&G 8)

  22. Chigi Vase, ca. 660-640 BCE

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