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From Sundiata. An Epic of Old Mali. Epic. A long narrative poem. Epic tales of vanished heroes—partly human, partly superhuman, who embody the highest values of a society—do more than entertain. They also carry a culture’s history, values, and traditions forward to future generations.
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From Sundiata An Epic of Old Mali
Epic • A long narrative poem. • Epic tales of vanished heroes—partly human, partly superhuman, who embody the highest values of a society—do more than entertain. They also carry a culture’s history, values, and traditions forward to future generations.
The Oral Epic • Also known as primary epics. • An oral epic contains much more than words. Traditional repetitions, gestures, sound effects, songs, and proverbs play an important role in the “live” performance of epics. • An oral epic: a blend of narrative, poetry, and drama.
The Oral Epic • It is not until its form is more or less fixed that an epic is written down. • Elements of oral epics: • Repetition • Original poetic elements difficult to translate (meter & rhyme) • The narrative does carry over into writing well and translates easily
Best Known Epic: • Sundiata from the Mandingo people western Arica. • It exists in several versions.
Legend • A story about extraordinary deeds, based to some extent on fact.
Sundiata: Fact and Legend • The epic hero in Sundiata really existed. • He was a powerful leader who, in 1235, defeated the osso nation of western Africa and reestablished the Mandingo Empire of Old Mali.
Sundiata • Under Sundiata, Mali expanded from the Atlantic coast to the northern border of present-day Nigeria, including the lands today called Guinea, Gambia, Senegal, Mali, and western Niger. • The empire he founded lasted over 250 years.
Sundiata • The empire finally fell to the Songhai in 1493. • The story of Sundiata became transformed into a legend. • So, it is based on fact that has become embellished over time.
Sundiata • Supernatural powers are attributed to Sundiata, and he is involved in a mighty conflict between good and evil. • Since this translation came from the original Mandingo which had been translated into French, it has lost many of its poetic qualities.
Clues: Pay attention to these clues • What is Sundiata’s age when he begins to walk? • How do the villagers treat Sundiata after he begins walking?
Clues: Pay attention to these clues • Who is Soumaoro? • What happens in Krina in the valley of the Niger • What does Sundiata do to the city of Sosso?