Parenting

1. Parenting Newborn to 1Year—Healthy Newborns & Newborn Know-Hows…

2. Quiet Alert State • #1 first period of reactivity • #2- second stage of the first period of reactivity • #3 - quiet-alert state • is the optimum state of arousal. During this state, your baby may smile, coo, look around and at you, and may actually appear to respond to your words. This is the best time to feed your baby! Watch and listen to your baby and feed accordingly. She is a better indicator of feeding time than the clock. 1 2 3

3. Family Bonding • Bonding is the intense attachment that develops between parents and their baby • The Ways Babies Bond • Touch becomes an early language as babies respond to skin-to-skin contact. It's soothing for both you and your baby while promoting your baby's healthy growth and development. • Eye-to-eye contact provides meaningful communication at close range. • Babies can follow moving objects with their eyes. • Your baby tries - early on - to imitate • your facial expressions and gestures. • Babies prefer human voices and enjoy vocalizing in their first efforts at communication

4. Vernix • The waxy or "cheesy" white substance found coating the skin of newborn

5. Cyanotic Hands & Feet • Blueness of the skin of an infant…usually oxygen deprived.

6. Molded/Unmolded Head • Cone head directly after birth

7. Puffy Face

8. Cephalohemotoma • Cephalohematoma is a bleeding injury in which a soft lump forms over the surface of one of the skull bones but below its thick fibrous covering. A cephalohematoma does not need treatment and disappears over weeks to months. • “Head” • “Bruise”

9. Milia • Baby Acne

10. Sucking Blister • “Blisters in the mouths of infants”--These are more commonly seen in babies under six months of age, and most likely result from vigorous sucking.

11. Dry Skin / Cradle Cap • Cradle Cap is a patchy, greasy, scaly and crusty skin rash that occurs on the scalp of recently born babies. Cradle cap can occur in any baby, and most commonly begins sometime in the first 3 months

12. Rash • A common form of inflamed skin—most common is diaper rash

13. Swollen Breast Tissue • Engorged breasts in both sexes of babies—due to mom’s hormones— “witch’s milk”

14. Swollen Labia & Discharge • The labia minora can be quite swollen & vaginal discharge can occur in newborn girls because of the passage of female hormones across the placenta. The swelling will resolve in 2 to 4 weeks.

15. Swollen Scrotum • Hormones passed from mother

16. Cross-Eyed Newborns can only focus 8-10” from face

17. “Stork Bites” & Birth Marks

18. Mongolian Spots

19. Lanugo • Lanugo is very fine hair, and grows on the body in places which do not usually grow hair, like the stomach, back and chest.

20. Vacuum Extractor Cap • Suction device to help pull out baby during childbirth

21. Forceps Mark

22. Suctioning • Sucking out the mucus & amniotic fluid from a newborns nose & throat

23. Footprinting • One of the first things that happens to your baby after bring born, weighed and bathed, is the footprint taken at the hospital for the birth certificate.

24. Temperature Monitoring • Series of measures taken at birth and in the first days of life to ensure that the newborn does not become either cold or overheated and maintains a normal body temperature of 36.5-37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F).

25. Warmed on Mother’s Chest • The “human incubator”

26. Heat Regulation • Hat • Incubator • Skin-to-skin contact • Swaddling

27. Breast Feeding • AAP recommends that babies be breastfed exclusively for about the first 6 months. Following the introduction of solid foods, breastfeeding should continue through the first year of life and beyond, if desired

28. Bottle Feeding • Must use infant formula • Sanitary Bottles • Infants take 2 to 3 ounces of milk each day for each pound of their body weight. Most bottlefed babies want 6 to 8 feedings each day. For a 7-pound baby, this would mean 14 to 21 ounces of formula a day (2 1/2 to 3 1/2 ounces in each 6 or 7 feedings.)

29. Eye Medication • In the past Silver Nitrate was used routinely and this burned a baby's eyes, while trying to prevent infection. Now, more commonly you will find Erythromycin used.

30. Vitamin K Injection • Newborn infants routinely receive a vitamin K shot after birth in order to prevent (or slow) a rare problem of bleeding into the brain weeks after birth. Vitamin K promotes blood clotting

31. Heal Stick for Jaundice

32. Weighing 7.5 lbs.

33. Measuring • The average length for a full-term infant usually ranges from 19 to 21 inches

34. Id Band • Safety & Security for newborn infant at hospital

35. Sponge Bath Think safety: bathtime do's and don'ts

36. Shampoo

37. Cord Clamp & Care • Keep it dry; use rubbing alcohol around stump • After birth, the cord is clamped and cut. Eventually between 1-3 weeks the cord will become dry and will naturally fall off. During the time the cord is healing it should be kept as clean and as dry as possible. Rubbing alcohol should also be applied to the baby's cord every time the diaper is changed

38. Diapering • Newborns make 8-10 wet / poopy diapers a day • Can use cloth / disposable

39. Swaddling • Snugly wrapping, an infant in blankets or swaddling clothes. • Swaddling reduces the risk of SIDS by making it easy to keep babies on their backs.

40. Sleeping on Back • ONLY sleeping position used for small infants • Babies who sleep on their stomachs are much more likely to die of SIDS than babies who sleep on their backs

41. Circumcision • Surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis • Healing time for newborns after circumcision usually is about 1 week. Petroleum jelly (Vaseline) should be applied after changing the diaper to protect the healing incision. Some initial swelling and yellow crust formation around the incision is normal

42. Reflexes

43. Colic It includes a variety of symptoms ranging from:* the pulling up of legs* clenching of fists* tensing of abdomen* bloating, cramps* passing gas/flatus* frequent loose bowel actions* crying

44. Soothing a Crying Baby • When your baby is crying, you can try: • Changing your baby's diaper • Changing his or her clothes or blankets to see if your baby is too hot or cold • Feeding your baby to see if he or she is hungry • Checking your baby for anything that might cause pain, like an open diaper pin. • If your baby keeps crying, you may want to: • Hold the baby close/tight—let them hear your heart beat • Rock your baby in a rocking chair or swing • Gently stroke your baby's head--Rubbing or massage • Try offering your baby a pacifier • Take your baby for a walk or a ride in the car • Try giving your baby a warm bath • Play soft music • Ask a friend or relative to help you • A change of room or environment

45. Teething (how & when?) • Some babies get their teeth early and some get them late. In general the first baby teeth are usually the lower front (anterior) teeth and usually begin erupting between the age of 6-8 months • There are several ways to alleviate the pain and discomfort of teething. Teething rings, systemic analgesics and topical anesthetics can all offer relief. Distraction techniques may also be helpful for minor pain.

46. How does repetition help with a child’s development? • Ways to Help Your Baby's Development with Learning Activities: Provide bright toys specifically designed and approved for infants. Toys that encourage development of hand-eye-coordination and have interesting sounds and textures are a great way to encourage curiosity and exploration. Play classic games with your baby and sing simple songs. Read colorful children's books to your baby. Babies love and learn from repetition, so don't worry about doing the same things over and over. Repetition, in fact, is the best way for your baby to learn.

47. Why can’t you “spoil” a baby early in it’s life? • News flash: It is impossible to spoil your baby. That’s right, despite what others may say, you can never shower your little one—especially those younger than 6 months old—with too much love or attention. In fact, meeting a newborn’s needs to be calmed, coddled and fed in a predictable manner help her feel secure while forging a loving, trusting relationship between parent and child. • “Check often, pick-up rarely”

48. Feeding Children—under age of 5 • Start Solid Foods at 4-6 Months • The Academy of Pediatrics recommends that solid foods be introduced, generally no earlier than four months of age. If a child weighs at least thirteen pounds and has good head control, solid foods can be started as early as three months. Four months old isn't the magical date to start solid foods, it is fine to start later than that

49. Feeding Children—under age of 5 • How much do you give at first? • 3-4 T. once or twice a day -- To begin, mix the cereal up so that it is quite diluted--then feed the cereal in a small spoon. (still breastfeed at this time) • Which foods first? • Rice Cereal (4-5 mos) • Strained Vegetables, Strained Fruits (5-6 mos) • Strained Meats (6-7 mos) • Finely Cut “Adult” Food (7+ mos)

50. Feeding Children—under age of 5 • Avoid these foods— nuts, milk (except for breast), undiluted juices, eggs, etc… • Is table food as good as bottled/jarred food? • Baby food is specifically made & fortified for infants