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TOP_PRMS

TOP_PRMS. George Leavesley, Dave Wolock, and Rick Webb. Overview. The Data Weaseled DEM in conjunction with ancillary data describing vegetation, soils, and land cover used to estimate model parameters

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TOP_PRMS

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  1. TOP_PRMS George Leavesley, Dave Wolock, and Rick Webb

  2. Overview • The Data • Weaseled DEM in conjunction with ancillary data describing vegetation, soils, and land cover used to estimate model parameters • Required data limited to precipitation and minimum and maximum temperatures. Observed discharge at basin outlet needed if model is to be calibrated. • The Model • Enhanced TOPMODEL • Snowpack accumulation, ablation, and melt • Interception and throughfall • Evapotranspiration • Distribution of solar radiation • Root zone above unsaturated zone • Flow paths: infiltration excess, saturated overland flow, direct flow (macropore), and base flow • Results • Simple and robust model capable of yielding insight into many small watershed processes

  3. Stream line Contour line Upslope contributing area a Hydrologic Model • TOPMODEL (Beven and Kirkby, 1979 and later) applied to each subwatershed. • Temperature and radiation based potential (reference) evapotranspiration. • Vegetation based interception component. • Modified soil zone • Adjust ET based on soil moisture availability in root zone • Infiltration excess runoff generation capability • unsaturated storage and drainage • Parameters scaled by GIS average properties over each subwatershed.

  4. Input precip and temperature • Direct and diffuse solar radiation • Day of year and latitude • Scaled by temp range as proxy of cloud clover • Scaled by radiation plane • Temperature • Apply lapse rate • Interception • Throughfall • Evaporation • Rain/Snow • - Snow pack • Melt/ablation • Potential Evapotranspiration • Season, Radiation, • Saturated water-vapor Density • Flow generation • Infiltration Excess (Hortonian flow) • Saturated Overland Flow (Dunnian flow) • Root Zone • ET (scaled by SD), storage, and drainage • Direct Flow (fraction of QUZ) • Base flow

  5. DEFICIT SUZ SD(SBAR) Water Balance for XTOP_PRMS solrad (langleys) basin_potet EXPLANATION EVAPO- TRANSPIRATION RAIN SNOW tmin/tmax (degrees) STORAGE precip(in) basin_obs_ppt (basin_ppt) intcp_evap (basin_intcp_evap) FLOWPATH hru_snow hru_rain observed variable subcatchment, or topo index variable (basin_variable) All units are meters unless otherwise indicated intcp_stor (basin_intcp_stor) net_snow net_rain BAL = BAL + SBAR +SUMP - SUMAE - SUMQ + SUMRZ - SUMUZ snow_evap (basin_snowevap) (basin_net_ppt) (coverbasin) pkwater_equiv (basin_pweqv) psoilhru (psoilbasin) Summary variables: qtot, sumqrex, sumqofs, sumuz, sumqdf, sumqb snowmelt (basin_snowmelt) SAE qscm (qbasinm) rex qof qofs SRZ qdf quz qscfs (qbasincfs) runoff (cfs) qb acm

  6. Summary and Conclusions • Modeling system centered on TOPMODEL for representation of spatially distributed water balance based upon topography and GIS data (vegetation, soils, and land cover). • Capability to automatically set up and run at different model element scales. • Results provide hourly simulations of streamflow over the entire watershed.

  7. AREA 2 3 AREA 1 12 Are there any questions ?

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