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Immigration and the “Melting Pot” (1890-1920)

Immigration and the “Melting Pot” (1890-1920) . U.S. History. Immigration. Reasons for Immigration – push/pull factors Religious Freedom – Jews in Eastern Europe/Pogroms Employment/Better Wages Political Freedom – Russians. Immigration. Who came to the United States?

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Immigration and the “Melting Pot” (1890-1920)

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  1. Immigration and the “Melting Pot” (1890-1920) U.S. History

  2. Immigration • Reasons for Immigration – push/pull factors • Religious Freedom – Jews in Eastern Europe/Pogroms • Employment/Better Wages • Political Freedom – Russians

  3. Immigration • Who came to the United States? • Mid 1800’s – British/Irish (NW Europe) • Late 1800’s – Italians, Russian Jews, Greeks, Slavs, Armenians, Japanese, Chinese, etc. • VAST differences in groups that came – customs, language, religion, etc.

  4. Immigration • How did they get here? • Large steamships carried immigrants to the United States • Took roughly one week to get to the U.S. from Europe, three weeks from Asia • Three classes on the steamships carrying immigrants • First class • Second class • Steerage – lower class, smelly conditions, cheaper ticket ($30) • Played cards, sang songs, or rehearsed answers for the inspection questions with each other • Learned language constantly

  5. Immigration • What happened when an immigrant got to the United States? • Most went through a large naturalization center • New York – Ellis Island • San Francisco – Angel Island • Some went to smaller cities or ports – Savannah, Boston, Seattle • Had to be tested for diseases – don’t spread unwanted diseases to rest of U.S. • Had to have documents from other countries • Had to be mentally fit – intelligence tests

  6. Immigration • Response to immigrants from mainstream U.S. society • Nativism – favored native-born Americans • Had problems with ethnic groups – stagnant and downtrodden • Had problems with religion – Catholics in a Protestant Nation? • Chinese Exclusion Act – Chinese workers aren’t allowed entry from 1882 to 1943…only teachers, students, tourists, etc.

  7. Immigration • What did most immigrants do when they got here? • Looked for work – closest place was in cities • Many families lived in extremely cramped conditions in the city called tenements • Unsanitary, no electricity, etc.

  8. Immigration • Reforms for immigrants • Many reform movements begin to pop up as a result of the plight of immigrants • Settlement Houses – similar to a YMCA • Famous settlement house – Hull House in Chicago (Jane Addams)

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